Skill: write-like-james @ 58d971a · typed hard types: write-mcqs @ 58d971a

Topic 14 "Light bounces off, changes direction or soaks in" — your read (28 September 2026, night; your Physics review of 29 September applied)

Your 29 September rulings, applied — and three questions they leave (reply by letter)

Light changes direction at water or glass everywhere in the topic now (L02 is "Light changes direction"; the pencil and straw still look bent); reflection is one direction on every drawing and in every sentence — one line in, one line out, at equal angles, and "in every direction" is gone; the kettle and pencil items are hard; the pool item's key is your sentence; the shell item names the crossing; Rashid's shop window is deleted; no figure draws a hand. Record: JAMES_FEEDBACK_G3T14_2026-09-29.md.

A. The white wall. Lesson 1's "not just mirrors" case kept the white wall — drawn now as ONE line in and ONE line out at equal angles, up to a lit patch on the ceiling — because the belief it breaks (only mirrors reflect) needs a dull surface, and the vault's reading of your ruling keeps a wall with one ray in, one ray out. In truth a wall scatters. Keep the wall drawn this way / swap it for a shiny non-mirror (a white tile, a steel pan) / say another scene. Recommendation: keep the wall.

B. The recap in later grades. "Refracted, reflected, absorbed — tricky! Fine, but let's make sure when we cover this again in the future grades we recap these terms." The note is written for the coordinator to carry to the Grade 4 and Grade 5 plans: the first light lesson in each grade opens with a recall of the three verbs, plain word first. Fine / say where else.

C. The type sheet after your cuts. Type 8 (Rashid) is struck, so reflection (ENE3-013) has no pair type; the kettle (type 4) and pencil (type 5) moved to hard, so the sort atom (ENE3-016) and refraction (ENE3-014) have no easy type. Generate the bank from the seven types as they stand / add back an EASY four-option sort (a fresh case → reflected / refracted / absorbed) and an EASY refraction "what happens" / say which.

Five short lessons: light bounces off (reflection) · what you see in a mirror · light bends (refraction) · light soaks in (absorption) · sort what light did. Written by the author as you, then a non-author review (32 findings, 30 applied, 2 left for you) and one cold read of every changed or new item (39 of 39 keys agreed; 11 wording flags, 9 applied). Reply by number.

The three that need your word

1. Do you accept the split of Lesson 1, and the new atom that comes with it (ENE3-P02, "What you see in a mirror")?

Lesson 1 taught "light bounces off" on a mirror, a white wall and a red book. Its article also carried the two mirror cases children get wrong most — they think the cat they see is behind the glass, and that a mirror gives out light — but the 148-word video could not hold them, and the quiz tested them anyway. Video or article is the learner's choice, so the video must carry what the quiz tests.

The coordinator ruled for the split you used in Topic 3: a second short lesson, L01b "What you see in a mirror" (the cat: light from the cat bounces off the mirror to your eye, so what you see is a picture; the same mirror in a room with no light shows nothing — a mirror does not make light). It is built: a 142-word video, its own question, ten quiz items.

Topic 3's pattern is that a new lesson gets a proposed atom and you rule on the id. The proposal, with three ideas considered and set aside

Recommendation: accept the split and the atom. Accept both / keep the lesson, strike the atom (L01b sits under ENE3-013) / merge back

2. Is "most of the light" the sentence you want for dark and light things?

Lesson 3 says a black shirt soaks up most of the light and a little still bounces off — that is why you can see it — and a white shirt bounces most of it off. It is the honest grade-3 model, and it is what keeps "you can still see a black cat" true.

The cost is discipline: every question after Lesson 3 that offers "soaks in" as an option now asks what most of the light did.

The plainer alternative — dark things soak light in, light things bounce it off, no "most" — is simpler to say and quietly false (a black thing would bounce no light, so you could not see it).

Recommendation: keep "most". Keep / plain "soaks in / bounces off"

3. Do the eight question types stand — and the two typed hard items in particular?

Your ruling of tonight is applied: the bank's hard items are text entry. Both were re-authored after the review so that neither stem does the student's thinking:

• Ingrid looks down at a shell at the bottom of a tide pool. The shell looks higher up than it really is. Which word says what the light from the shell did? Type the science word. — types refracted. The first draft said "the light bent", which handed over the sort; now the student goes from the appearance to what the light did to the word.
• Rashid stands in front of a shop window and sees his own face in the glass. Just before the light reaches his eyes, which thing does it come from? Type the name of the thing. — types the window. Most children will type "his face"; the key needs the second step. Same form as Topic 13's shelf item.

Six easy and medium types are four-option multiple choice; every atom is tested alone and in a pair; no atom carries more than two types. The type sheet

Approve / edit / strike types by number

The lessons, one line each

• L01 Light bounces off — a flashlight's light hits a flat mirror and bounces up to the wall (the angles are computed, not drawn by eye); then a white wall, then a red book: light bounces off everything, and that is how you see things. Not just mirrors.
• L01b What you see in a mirror — the cat in the mirror is light from the cat that bounced off the mirror to your eye; behind the mirror is only the wall; in a room with no light the mirror shows nothing.
• L02 Light bends — a beam into a tank of water kinks at the surface; light from a straw's bottom bends where it leaves the water, so the straw looks bent; the same straw in the empty glass looks straight; a coin looks higher once water is poured in; a pen behind a glass block looks shifted. "Into or out of water or glass" everywhere.
• L03 Light soaks in — two shirts in the same sun, black and white: most of the light soaks into the black one and warms it (a little still bounces off); most bounces off the white one. The soaked-in light did not disappear — it warmed the shirt.
• L04 Sort what light did — bounced off → reflected; bent → refracted; soaked in → absorbed, across a pond, a stick, a rock, a spoon and a hat, then a how-to-tell table.

The topic as a student sees it · The plan

Two small things the reviewers left for you

• "soaks up" (the rule and the register's words) beside "soaks in" (the chips and the questions). One happening, two verbs. Keep both, or make the rule "Most of the light soaks into a dark surface"?
• A fork in a glass of water (L04 quiz). A metal fork is shiny, so a strong student might say "reflected"; the sort is by what you see (it looks bent), which the lesson's table teaches. Leave, or swap for a wooden chopstick as the practice set already did?

Rulings applied without asking

Hard PP100 items typed · attached questions stand alone with their own drawing (five, plus three on the summary) · no verdict-plus-reason options · positive stems · options parallel in kind · colour in figures (black and white shirts drawn black and white) · "the X" drawn where it is named · scripts under 150 words (148 / 142 / 150 / 149 / 147) · intro on a ready line and a poll · Topic 13's words (a light source makes light; light travels straight until it hits something; you see a thing when light from it reaches your eye; no line ever leaves an eye — the cat's line now leaves its back) · the eye drawn as a plain eye symbol on the ray diagrams (Topic 13's own figures still show a head; noted for its owner) · "into or out of" for refraction · "most of the light" in every ask after Lesson 3 · US words (flashlight, color, gray, wading pool, tide pool).

<details><summary>Checks run</summary>

• Topic checker: 0 FAIL, 1 WARN (the type-sheet notice, by design).
• Misconception checker: 0 inducing phrases; the three Light rows the atoms expose are all confronted (a mirror in the dark makes no light; not just mirrors bounce light; light bends going into water). One Energy row ("cold is a stuff") is scoped to Topic 15, where warmth moving is the atom.
• Non-author review: 2 blocks, 17 fixes, 13 suggestions — 30 applied, 2 left for you (above). Record: records/BUILD_RECORD_G3T14.md, "Adjudication".
• Cold read of the 39 changed and new items: 39 agree, 0 disagreements, 0 typed answers off the accepted list; 11 flags, 9 applied (a white sail asks about "most of the light"; L01b's recall on a garage door; "which thing does the light bounce off"; a wooden spoon for a ladle; the puddle asks what the light did "to make that picture"; "wading pool"; the umbrella item is now a why, not a repeat of the mat item; "stops at the wall" replaced by "bends at the wall"; "tide pool", "type the science word"). Two noted and left: the attached cat question and the dog quiz item share a move on purpose (the XP gate is the video's own scene); the black-cat true/false is safe because Lesson 3 says in so many words that a little light bounces off a black thing.
• A second true-blind read of the whole topic (82 items) is still owed before publication.

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