Skill: write-like-james @ cca3af6 · the build: write-lesson, write-mcqs, write-video-script, write-summary, write-intro @ cca3af6; the non-author review (review-lesson Role B and C, review-questions, review-figures, review-accuracy, review-physics) applied @ cca3af6; the blind read of the re-cut bundle is owed
Topic 6 "How a circuit does a job" — your read (8 October 2026)
Skim first
The lessons in teaching order, each with its one rule sentence; then the intro script; then the question types. The review page follows.
The lessons and their rules
| Lesson | Atom | Rule sentence |
|---|---|---|
| L01 What a circuit needs to do its job | ENE5-010 | A circuit needs an energy source. It needs one complete loop. It needs a part that works. |
| L02 How to draw a circuit as one loop | ENE5-011 | Draw the battery first. One wire through each part and back. Follow the loop with your finger. |
| L03 Where a circuit's energy ends up | ENE5-012 | The battery provides the energy. The current carries the energy to the part. The part gives the energy out. |
| L04 Predict what a circuit gives out after a swap | ENE5-013 | Swap the part: the battery and the wires stay the same. The circuit gives out what the new part gives out. |
The intro script (119 words, about 60 s)
Here's Freddie in Miss Ferreira's class on a hot afternoon. On his desk are a battery, wires, a switch and a motor with a fan. He wants to cool his face. He joins the parts into a loop and presses the switch. The fan does not spin. He checks every clip. Still, the fan does not spin. So what does a circuit need before it can do its job? And how does the energy in a small battery end up as a spinning fan? To find out, we will look at circuits that will not work, drawing a loop, and what a circuit gives out. Okay, so are you ready to find out how a circuit does its job?
The question types (from TYPES_G5T06.md)
- Type 1 (MCQ, drawn loop, the missing set · 010): what the pictured circuit is missing (no battery / cut wire / open switch / broken bulb / nothing) — an energy source / a complete loop / a part that works / nothing is missing
- Type 2 (MCQ, the missing set · 010): what a described circuit is missing — the same set
- Type 3 (MCQ, the fix set · 010): which fix makes the circuit work — Put in a new battery. / Close the gap in the loop. / Put in a new part. / Leave it as it is.
- Type 4 (MCQ · 011): which part is drawn first; where the first wire starts; which drawing is one unbroken loop (pp_pair_bulb); where the last wire goes; the check step — four single answers
- Type 5 (MCQ · 011): why a drawing is wrong; what a circuit built from a faulty drawing would do; where a switch is drawn; (hard) a loop drawn with an open switch — four single statements
- Type 6 (MCQ, the out set (the heat set for the heater) and energy types · 012): what a part does in a working circuit; which type of energy the moving / hot thing has — the out set (heater: the heat set); kinetic / chemical / thermal / elastic energy
- Type 7 (MCQ, drawn chain strip · 012): what goes in the blank box (the part; the energy source); what carries the energy; why the bulb is warm — four single answers
- Type 8 (MCQ, the out set · 013): what the circuit gives out after a swap (buzzer → bulb; motor → buzzer; bulb → heater, the heat set; drawn pp_predict_buzzer; buzzer → motor; which part was put in) — the out set (heater: the heat set); four parts
- Type 9 (MCQ · 013): what stays the same (the battery and the wires); the broken-part swap; the battery-for-battery swap (the out set); (hard) swap + open switch (the out set, keyed nothing); swap + silent buzzer — four single statements, or the out set
- Type 10 (typed · 010, 011, 012, 013): the missing part's name; the shape's name; the first part of the routine; what the buzzer / bulb / heater gives out; what the swapped circuit gives out — battery / loop / sound / light (+ heat) / heat, each with article, plural and child spellings
- Type 11 (MCQ, correct-reason claim · 010, 012): a named child's claim is wrong: what is the correct reason (the new-battery belief; the only-light belief — ENE5 register SD-2) — four single-statement reasons
Four lessons for four atoms, in Miss Ferreira's class with Freddie, Gemma and Gideon.
Freddie's loop lights a bulb, and he makes it go dark three ways: he takes the battery out, he opens the switch, he puts in a bulb whose thin wire inside is broken. L01 names the three things a circuit needs — an energy source, one complete loop, a part that works — and a dead circuit is missing one of them.
Gideon draws before he builds: the battery first, one wire from one end through each part and back to the other end, then follow the loop with your finger (Grade 4's sentence, word for word). L02 is that routine, with the one drawing that stops short beside the finished loop.
Gemma's buzzer sounds but nothing lights, and she says her circuit must be broken; L03 answers her with Grade 4's rule and the energy account for four parts: the battery provides the energy, the current carries it to the part, and the bulb gives out light and heat, the heater gives out heat, the buzzer gives out sound, the motor moves.
L04 swaps the part on Freddie's loop — bulb, buzzer, motor, a broken bulb — predicting before each press of the switch: the battery and the wires stay the same, and the circuit gives out what the new part gives out.
Your Topic 10 rulings hold every line: the battery provides, the current carries, the motor moves; nothing "gives out motion"; "electrical energy" is never said — that is the one question below.
The non-author review found four things that had to change (the energy-chain drawing ran off its frame on eight figures; a bank item keyed "light and heat" over a true "heat"; two bank items with "…, because …" options) and thirteen worth changing, including L04's claim that the current carries "the same energy" after a swap; all are applied, every gate is back at its stated result, and the bundle is re-cut for the two cold readers.
The lessons
Also on the site
Topic intro and poll · summary and three questions · mixed practice · the PP100 bank · the type sheet · the review record · the build record
What the review found, and what changed
The non-author review (8 October): 4 must-fix, 14 worth fixing, all applied
Must-fix: the energy-chain drawer put its fourth box past the frame's edge, so OUT: LIGHT / HEAT was cut in half on all eight chain figures (frame widened, re-opened on the page); the bank's out set offered "It gives out heat." beside "It gives out light and heat." — under the bulb-keyed item a child choosing "heat" was right and marked wrong, so the heater items now take their own set and no item puts light and heat against each other; PP-39 and PP-50 carried options of the shape "It gives out nothing, because the loop has a gap." and now take the out set.
Worth fixing: L04 said the current carries "the same energy" to the new part after a swap — a buzzer and a bulb do not take the same energy, so the article, forest, script, table row and PP-36 now say the current still carries energy to the new part, and PP-36 asks what stays the same (the battery and the wires); three stems leaned on the item before them and now stand alone; every yes / no item was keyed "no", so L04's last check asks the positive and is keyed yes; the practice pair of drawings differed by a switch as well as the gap (now the gap only); two "which drawing is one unbroken loop" stems say "from one end of the battery to the other end", because the same-end drawing is a closed ring of wire that bypasses the battery; PP-21 no longer tells the child a new battery fails; PP-23's wrong options are errors in the routine, not "drawn too small"; PP-44 no longer calls an open-switch drawing "one unbroken loop"; PP-48's scene is a quiz buzzer, not a traffic light with no light; a camera flash bulb became a science-kit bulb; "burnt" → "burned"; five drawn figures nobody used (one a photo David would have made) left the register; the bank's B keys came down from 36 % to 34 %.
Left on the record: a broken filament is physically a gap inside the glass, sorted here as "a broken part" with its sorting sentence on the page; the heater is told as a hand warmer; the half-size broken bulb's two-piece wire is small (the gray fill is the cue). For the coordinator, course-wide: the site prints an item's tag as its label, so "MISCONCEPTION" appears above every claim item before the child reads it.
Gates after the fixes: checker 0 FAIL (S46 B = 0); terms no hits; articles 0 FAIL; key tells 0 of 104; svg ids PASS (60 figures); shared checker 0 FAIL, S118 0 FAIL; bundle re-cut (96 MCQ, 14 typed, 1 written, 1 order; 112 held); batch rebuilt and check_brief.py clean; not sent.
The bank, in brief
52 items in content/G5T06_pp100_bank.py: 44 four-option MCQs (two in the "X is wrong. What is the correct reason?" form) and 8 typed words (battery, loop, sound, light, heat). Per atom: ENE5-010 16 · ENE5-011 10 · ENE5-012 13 · ENE5-013 13. Easy 19, medium 20, hard 13, sorted easy to hard and rising with the atom's place. MCQ keys A 9 · B 15 · C 11 · D 9. Eleven question types, one exemplar each on the type sheet; fixed sets: what is missing, the fix, the out set, the heat set.