Skill: course-build → write-mcqs → write-explanation @ b0fa825

Topic 7 — question types in the PP100 bank, one exemplar each (v2, 2 October 2026)

James (2 Oct 2026): the bank is part of the topic, written with the lessons, no type-sheet gate. This sheet still prints ONE exemplar per question type in

full, as it ships in content/G4T07_pp100_bank.py, so James reads the types first. Item ids are bank positions (PP-1 … PP-54; easy PP-1–18, medium

PP-19–44, hard PP-45–54). Every item carries exactly one atom, a type_ (its row below) and a why; hard items carry a hb ("hard because") line.

v2 (the blind read, the guidance review and the figure review of 2 Oct 2026 applied). The three typed items whose question was not closed — PP-43 and

PP-45 printed the pair in the stem, PP-51 "type what he sees" refused "he can't see anything" — are four-option MCQs in the medium tier, so every id from

PP-27 on moved (old → new: 27–32 → 28–33, 33 → 35, 34–41 → 36–43, 42 → 45, 43 → 27, 44 → 46, 45 → 34, 46 → 47, 47 → 48, 48 → 49, 49 → 50, 50 → 51,

51 → 44, 52–54 unchanged). Fourteen items that reused a lesson, practice or intro scene were re-scened, and six more that the re-performed grep below caught.

Bank: 54 items — 18 easy · 26 medium · 10 hard; 50 four-option MCQs, 2 typed (text), 2 multi-selects. Per atom: ENE4-030 11 (7 easy · 3 medium ·

1 hard), ENE4-031 12 (5 · 6 · 1), ENE4-032 12 (3 · 7 · 2), ENE4-050 11 (2 · 6 · 3), ENE4-051 8 (1 · 4 · 3) — difficulty rises with the atom's position.

Typed, the two closed questions: "pitch" (030, PP-45, from its definition) and "eye" (050, PP-49, the end of the path). Key letters of the 50 MCQs in bank

order: C A B D B C D B A D B B A D A A A C B C C A B D A C D D A C B B D B C C A D C B A B D C A C D B D A — A 13 · B 13 · C 12 · D 12 (max 26 %).

Fresh instances — the claim, re-performed. v1 claimed "every scene is FRESH" and the reviewer found fourteen reused scenes. The check is now a grep,

run by python3 over every bank stem's scene nouns against the whole lesson-side text (blurb, intro and summary scripts, every headache, forest, idea

line, caption and script beat, every quiz, attached and practice stem and option). It is re-run after every bank edit; the record prints the result:

scene nouns checked: 75 | hits in lesson, quiz, attached, intro, summary or practice text: []

(the first run of the same grep, before the last six re-scenes, printed PP-8 'small bell' / 'big bell' (L02-q8's church bell pair) · `PP-19 'sings a

note' (PR-5's singer) · PP-22 "big drum's sound" (L01's big drum) · PP-40 'white wall' / 'mirror' (L04-q2 and the article's mirror) · PP-43 'coat'`

(L05's attached closet) · PP-49 'candle' (PR-8's candle) — each re-scened: metal bowls; a recorder; cooking pots; a brick wall and a silver tray; a

backpack; a campfire and a log.) Kinds of thing the bank shares with the lessons without sharing a scene — a string, a bell, a flashlight, a lamp — are

allowed; the grep tests the scene noun, not the kind.

Sister terms as the option set. Wherever an item predicts a change, the four options are the topic's sister terms — higher in pitch / lower in pitch /

louder / quieter — so the SND-06 mix-up (louder = higher in pitch) is testable on every such item, never only on a claim. "Quieter", never "softer"

(the reviewer's answer to the author's question 2; TOPIC["synonyms"] keeps "softer" so a typed "softer" would be accepted).

Bar list (real things a generated bank must never name here): no "whistle blown harder" as a loudness case (overblowing a whistle also raises its pitch);

no bird or insect whose wingbeat order is uncertain (the bank's pairs are mosquito / bumblebee and wasp / hummingbird, both checked); no eye-beam

sentence as a key; no "form of energy"; the Moon is never a light source (Grade 3 Topic 13).

The ten types

#	Question type	Exemplar	Items (typed starred, multi †)	Count	Hard end
1	High or low in pitch: four described sounds, pick the one high (or low) in pitch; or two sounds compared, four sentences, one true.	PP-1	PP-1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 7	6	none
2	The term pitch: what pitch is (four quantities), or what changed when a note went higher; hard — type the word from its definition.	PP-5 (easy) · PP-45* (hard)	PP-5, 19, 45*	3	text ("pitch")
3	Predict pitch from the vibration's speed: a thing vibrates faster or more slowly; the four sister terms.	PP-8	PP-8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 23, 24, 26, 27	9	MCQ (PP-27, the tuning forks, medium)
4	The reason for a pitch or loudness difference, or for a step of the light path: four reasons, one taught; hard — the rule run backwards.	PP-22	PP-22, 25, 31, 39, 40, 46, 47	7	MCQ (PP-46: Grade 3's vibration fact chained to the pitch rule, run backwards; PP-47: louder read back to a stronger vibration)
5	Predict loudness from the vibration's strength: a thing vibrates more or less strongly; the four sister terms.	PP-13	PP-13, 14, 15, 28, 33, 34	6	MCQ (PP-34, the violin, medium)
6	What changes and what stays: a harder hit, a louder note, a claim with the verdict fixed; which sentence is true.	PP-29	PP-20, 21, 29, 30, 32, 48	6	MCQ (PP-48: four wobbles read as loudness)
7	Where the light's path starts, where an arrow goes, where the light bounces off; hard — type the part the light must reach.	PP-16 (easy) · PP-49* (hard)	PP-16, 17, 35, 38, 49*	5	text ("eye")
8	Which drawn path: FOUR lettered paths on one scene (the taught path, the eye-beam, the path that misses the thing, the thing glowing with no arrow from the source); hard — judge a described wrong drawing by picking the right pair of arrows.	PP-36	PP-36, 37, 50	3	MCQ (PP-50: a drawing with two faults judged against the routine)
9	Why nothing is seen in the dark / what is seen: four outcomes or four reasons, the two named beliefs among them; judge a claim.	PP-18	PP-18, 41, 42, 43, 44, 52, 54	7	MCQ (PP-52, 54)
10	Select the set: the two arrows of the path, or the two things that must happen for a thing to be seen (multi-select), only where the answer is a set.	PP-51†	PP-51†, 53†	2	multi

Why only two items are typed. Picking "pitch" from four is recognition; typing it from the definition is production, and the question is closed (one

word). "eye" is the end of the topic's chain, produced on a fresh case, closed. The v1 typed predictions ("higher", "louder") were not closed questions

in the vault's sense — the stem had to print the pair for the grader to work, which made them MCQs with the options hidden — and "type what he sees"

had a correct answer the list could not hold ("he can't see anything"). All three are now four-option MCQs (PP-27, PP-34, PP-44), medium.

How the grader reads a typed answer: lower-case, trim, collapse spaces, drop a final period; it strips neither articles nor plurals, so each accept

list carries the bare word, its article forms and the child spellings. "eye" also accepts "pupil / pupils" (the reviewer's add) and "cooper's eye(s)".

The exemplars, printed in full

Type 1 — exemplar PP-1

PP-1 · atom ENE4-030 · easy · type 1

Stem: Which of these four sounds is low in pitch?

a) a canary's song
b) a wind chime's tinkle
c) a lion's roar ← key
d) a baby's cry

Why: How high or low a sound is, is called its pitch. / A canary's song, a wind chime's tinkle and a baby's cry are high, thin sounds. / A lion's roar is a deep sound, like a dog's growl. / So the lion's roar is low in pitch.

Type 2 — exemplar PP-5 (easy) and PP-45 (hard, typed)

PP-5 · atom ENE4-030 · easy · type 2

Stem: Miss Novak says a recorder's note and a trombone's note differ in pitch. What is pitch?

a) how loud or quiet a sound is
b) how high or low a sound is ← key
c) how long a sound lasts
d) how far a sound travels

Why: How high or low a sound is, is called its pitch. / A recorder's note is high in pitch, and a trombone's note is low in pitch. / So pitch is how high or low a sound is.

PP-45* · atom ENE4-030 · hard · type 2 · text

Stem: Colin says a seagull's cry and a tractor's rumble differ in how high or low they are. Type the word for how high or low a sound is.

Accept: pitch · the pitch · its pitch · a pitch · pitches · pich · pitsh · picth · pitche

Hard because: production — the term is typed from its definition, nothing to pick from.

Why: How high or low a sound is, is called its pitch. / A seagull's cry is high in pitch, and a tractor's rumble is low in pitch.

Type 3 — exemplar PP-8

PP-8 · atom ENE4-031 · easy · type 3

Stem: Colin taps a small metal bowl and a big metal bowl, and the small bowl vibrates faster. Which bowl's sound is higher in pitch?

a) the big bowl's
b) the small bowl's ← key
c) both bowls' sounds are the same in pitch
d) the bowl that is farther away

Why: The faster a thing vibrates, the higher in pitch its sound is. / The small bowl vibrates faster. / So the small bowl's sound is higher in pitch.

(The type's medium end, PP-27: "A tuning fork with short arms vibrates faster than a tuning fork with long arms. What is the short fork's sound?" — lower in pitch / louder / quieter / higher in pitch.)

Type 4 — exemplar PP-22

PP-22 · atom ENE4-031 · medium · type 4

Stem: Cooper taps a big cooking pot and a small cooking pot, and the big pot's clang is lower in pitch. Why is the big pot's clang lower in pitch?

a) The big pot vibrates more slowly. ← key
b) The big pot vibrates more strongly.
c) The big pot is farther from your ear.
d) The big pot is a darker color.

Why: The slower a thing vibrates, the lower in pitch its sound is. / The big pot vibrates more slowly than the small pot. / So the big pot's clang is lower in pitch.

Type 5 — exemplar PP-13

PP-13 · atom ENE4-032 · easy · type 5

Stem: Colby shakes a tambourine gently, then shakes it hard so it vibrates more strongly. What is its sound after the hard shake?

a) louder ← key
b) higher in pitch
c) quieter
d) lower in pitch

Why: The more strongly a thing vibrates, the louder its sound is. / After the hard shake the tambourine vibrates more strongly. / So its sound is louder.

(The type's medium end, PP-34: "A bee beats its wings harder, so its wings vibrate more strongly. What happens to its buzz?" — higher in pitch / louder / lower in pitch / quieter.)

Type 6 — exemplar PP-29

PP-29 · atom ENE4-032 · medium · type 6

Stem: Colin presses a piano key gently, then presses the same key hard. What is different about the second note?

a) It is louder. ← key
b) It is higher in pitch.
c) It is lower in pitch.
d) It lasts a shorter time.

Why: The more strongly a thing vibrates, the louder its sound is. / Pressing the key hard makes the piano string vibrate more strongly. / So the second note is louder, and its pitch stays the same.

Type 7 — exemplar PP-16 (easy) and PP-49 (hard, typed)

PP-16 · atom ENE4-050 · easy · type 7

Stem: Colin looks at a teddy bear lit by a nightlight. Where does the light's path start?

a) at the nightlight ← key
b) at Colin's eye
c) at the teddy bear
d) at the wall

Why: Light travels from a light source to the thing, then bounces off the thing to your eye. / The nightlight is the light source. / So the light's path starts at the nightlight.

PP-49* · atom ENE4-050 · hard · type 7 · text

Stem: Light goes from a campfire to a log and bounces off. For Cooper to see the log, what part of him must that light reach? Type the part.

Accept: eye · eyes · his eye · his eyes · the eye · the eyes · an eye · cooper's eye · cooper's eyes · coopers eye · coopers eyes · eye ball · eyeball · eyeballs · pupil · pupils · his pupil · his pupils · the pupil · i · eys · eyse

Hard because: production — the end of the path is named, not picked.

Why: Light travels from a light source to the thing, then bounces off the thing to your eye. / You see a thing only when light from it reaches your eye. / So the light must reach Cooper's eye.

Type 8 — exemplar PP-36 (figure `pp_paths_bucket`: paths T, U, V, W)

PP-36 · atom ENE4-050 · medium · type 8

Stem: Four paths are drawn on a picture of a flashlight, a bucket and an eye. Which path shows the light's path for seeing the bucket?

a) path T
b) path U
c) path V ← key
d) path W

Why: Light travels from a light source to the thing, then bounces off the thing to your eye. / Path V goes from the flashlight to the bucket, then from the bucket to the eye. / Path T starts at the eye, path U misses the bucket, and path W has no arrow from the flashlight. / So path V shows it.

Lettered renders in the topic (letters outside A–D; each render used by one item): q_paths_cup J K L (L04-q6, K right) · q_paths_dog M N P (L04-q7, P right) ·

pr_paths_vase Q R S (PR-8, Q right) · pp_paths_bucket T U V W (PP-36, V right) · pp_paths_rabbit E F G H (PP-37, E right). The bank's two figures carry the

FOURTH path (one arrow from the thing to the eye, no arrow from the source) in place of v1's sentence option "no path, because the eye sends out light". The

alt and the blind text give letters and endpoints only.

Type 9 — exemplar PP-18

PP-18 · atom ENE4-051 · easy · type 9

Stem: Colby stands with his eyes open in a storeroom that has no windows and no light on. What does he see?

a) everything in the room
b) the shelves, faintly
c) nothing ← key
d) only his own hands

Why: In a completely dark room, no light reaches your eye from anything. / The storeroom has no light at all. / So Colby sees nothing.

(The hard end, PP-54: "Colby says that in a room with no light at all you still see a little, because the things are still there. Which sentence says what really happens?" — the four options share one frame, two "You see nothing, because …" and two "You see a little, because …"; the key names the taught reason.)

Type 10 — exemplar PP-51 (multi-select)

PP-51† · atom ENE4-050 · hard · type 10 · multi

Stem: Colin sees a kite in sunshine. Select the two arrows that belong in the drawing of the light's path.

a) from the Sun to the kite ← key
b) from the kite to Colin's eye ← key
c) from Colin's eye to the kite
d) from the Sun straight to Colin's eye

Hard because: a set answer — both arrows of the path must be chosen, and both wrong arrows left.

Why: Light travels from a light source to the thing, then bounces off the thing to your eye. / The Sun is the light source, and the kite is the thing. / So the two arrows go from the Sun to the kite and from the kite to Colin's eye.

Hard items, with their "hard because" lines (bank order)

Item	Atom	Form	Hard because
PP-45 a seagull and a tractor	ENE4-030	text	production: the term typed from its definition
PP-46 a man's deep voice	ENE4-031	MCQ	chain: Grade 3's "every sound is made by something vibrating" then lower → slower, run backwards
PP-47 two sleigh bells	ENE4-032	MCQ	the rule run backwards: louder read back to a stronger vibration, with the SND-06 cause (faster) beside it
PP-48 the trash can lid, four hits	ENE4-032	MCQ	data read + inference: wobble → strength of vibration → loudness
PP-49 the campfire and the log	ENE4-050	text	production: the end of the path named
PP-50 Cooper's wrong drawing	ENE4-050	MCQ	judge a drawing with two faults against the routine's two steps; the right pair picked from four arrow pairs
PP-51 the kite	ENE4-050	multi	a set answer: both arrows
PP-52 the garage door	ENE4-051	MCQ	chain: the path reasoned on a changed scene, the two named beliefs as distractors
PP-53 the chair	ENE4-051	multi	a set answer: both links of the path
PP-54 "the things are still there"	ENE4-051	MCQ	judge a claim: what really happens and why, against the two named beliefs and a wrong reason for the right verdict

Design-move inventory (every bank item: move · scene · nearest lesson-side instance)

Item	d	Atom	Move	Scene	Nearest lesson-side instance
PP-1	easy	030	pick the low-pitch sound of four	canary, wind chime, lion, baby	L01 quiz two-option sort (two options → four sounds)
PP-2	easy	030	pick the high-pitch sound of four	chick, a ship's engine, bass drum, bear	PP-1 (the other class)
PP-3	easy	030	compare two sounds' pitch, four sentences; the stem names pitch, so the loudness sentence is ruled out (v3)	a tiger and a robin	L01 article whistle / drum pair (new form: a true sentence)
PP-4	easy	030	the highest in pitch of four	train horn, goose, wolf, smoke alarm	NEW move (a superlative)
PP-5	easy	030	what pitch is (the definition from the term)	a recorder and a trombone, Miss Novak	L01-q8 (the term from the definition; this runs it the other way)
PP-6	easy	030	compare two sounds' pitch, four sentences	a piccolo and a double bass	PP-3 (other instruments)
PP-7	easy	030	sort one sound on both dimensions	a dog's deep, loud bark	L01-q7 the loud, low hum (two options → pitch × loudness pairs)
PP-8	easy	031	faster → higher, pick the thing	a small and a big metal bowl	L02-q7 the tightened drum skin
PP-9	easy	031	tightened → faster → higher, sister terms	a banjo string	L02 article band pulled tighter (a string, four options)
PP-10	easy	031	slower → lower, sister terms	a harmonica reed	L02-q5 the long xylophone bar
PP-11	easy	031	the true rule sentence of four	none	L02 rule
PP-12	easy	031	slower → lower, whose sound	a hummingbird and a wasp	L02-q6 mosquito and bumblebee (new pair, order checked)
PP-13	easy	032	more strongly → louder, sister terms	a tambourine	L03-q6 the cricket
PP-14	easy	032	only a little → quieter, sister terms, the comparison in the stem	a door knocked hard, then gently	L03-q7 the gently plucked band
PP-15	easy	032	the true rule sentence of four	none	L03 rule
PP-16	easy	050	where the path starts	a teddy bear and a nightlight	L04-q3 the mug and the flashlight
PP-17	easy	050	where the second arrow goes	a plate under a ceiling light	L04-q5 the mug
PP-18	easy	051	what is seen with no light	a windowless storeroom	L05-q2 the cave
PP-19	medium	030	which quantity changed when a note went higher	Colin plays two notes on a recorder	NEW move
PP-20	medium	030	pitch is independent of loudness: the true sentence of four	none	L01 article "How loud a sound is does not change its pitch."
PP-21	medium	030	the loud-means-high claim, verdict as a true pair	a tugboat's horn	L01-q7 Cooper's hum (SND-06 as the distractor pair)
PP-22	medium	031	the reason for a lower pitch	a big and a small cooking pot	L02-q8 the church bell
PP-23	medium	031	faster → higher, which set of things	piano strings	L02-q2 the guitar string
PP-24	medium	031	loosened → slower → lower	a banjo string loosened	L02-q4 the whole string again
PP-25	medium	031	higher in pitch read back to faster	two doorbells	NEW move (the rule run backwards)
PP-26	medium	031	which change raises pitch (not the loudness change, not a slower vibration)	a plucked string	NEW move
PP-27	medium	031	faster → higher, sister terms	two tuning forks	L02-q7 (v1's typed PP-43, now an MCQ)
PP-28	medium	032	only a little → quieter, the gentle one of two	a cymbal	L03-q5 the gentle strum
PP-29	medium	032	harder → louder, same pitch; what is different	a piano key	L03-q8 the xylophone bar
PP-30	medium	032	what stays the same when a sound is louder	a glass tapped with a spoon	NEW move
PP-31	medium	032	the reason for a louder sound	a stamp on a wooden stage	L03-q12 the hard-plucked band
PP-32	medium	032	the SND-06 claim, verdict as the true pair	a bass guitar string	L03-q11 Colin's gong claim (reasons, not yes / no)
PP-33	medium	032	less strongly → quieter	a violin bowed gently	L03-q5
PP-34	medium	032	more strongly → louder, sister terms	a bee beating its wings harder	L03-q6 (v1's typed PP-45, now an MCQ, re-scened)
PP-35	medium	050	the second arrow's start and end	a map by a lantern	L04-q8 the ball under a lamp
PP-36	medium	050	which drawn path (letters T U V W)	a flashlight and a bucket on the grass	L04-q6 the cup (new render, new scene, a fourth path)
PP-37	medium	050	which drawn path (letters E F G H)	the Sun and a rabbit	L04-q7 the dog
PP-38	medium	050	where the light must bounce off	a deer in headlights	NEW move
PP-39	medium	050	why the first arrow starts at the source	a sailboat in sunshine	L04 article "The Sun is the light source" (new ask)
PP-40	medium	050	LGT-07: both bounces are reflection	a brick wall and a silver tray	L04-q10 Colby's claim (four sentences)
PP-41	medium	051	why nothing is seen (reasons, short and parallel)	a cardboard play fort	L05-q3 the cave
PP-42	medium	051	LGT-02: what is seen after waiting	a dark room, ten minutes	L05-q5 Colin's claim (outcome, not yes / no)
PP-43	medium	051	which change lets him see	a backpack in a dark hallway	L05-q7 the flashlight in the cave (new ask: pick the change)
PP-44	medium	051	what is seen when a LITTLE light reaches the eye, four outcomes (v3: re-moved from PP-18's no-light verdict)	a cellar and a glow stick	PP-52 (a little light through a door; the why form)
PP-45	hard	030	type the term from its definition	a seagull and a tractor	L01-q10
PP-46	hard	031	sound → vibration → slower, chained	a man's deep voice	NEW move
PP-47	hard	032	louder read back to a stronger vibration	two sleigh bells	NEW move (the rule run backwards; replaces v1's two-atom PP-46)
PP-48	hard	032	four wobbles → loudest	a trash can lid hit four times	NEW move (data)
PP-49	hard	050	type the part the light must reach	a campfire and a log (named only)	L04 rule (produced)
PP-50	hard	050	judge a wrong drawing with two faults, pick the right pair	a toy car under a lamp	L04-q9 (new ask)
PP-51	hard	050	select the two arrows	a kite in sunshine	NEW move (set)
PP-52	hard	051	the path on a changed scene	a garage door opened a little	L05-q8 (new change: a little light)
PP-53	hard	051	select the two things that must happen	a chair in a dark room	NEW move (set)
PP-54	hard	051	judge a claim: what really happens	"the things are still there"	L05-q6 Colby's TRUE claim (now the reason is asked)

Draw constraints (⟂): the test builder draws ONE of each group per test

PP-5 ⟂ PP-19 ⟂ PP-45 (the two recognition items print the typed item's key, "pitch").
PP-11 ⟂ PP-8 / 9 / 10 / 12 / 23 / 24 / 26 / 27 (the rule sentence answers every faster / slower prediction).
PP-15 ⟂ PP-13 / 14 / 28 / 33 / 34 (the same for the loudness predictions).
PP-17 ⟂ PP-35 (one prints the other's arrow).
PP-18 ⟂ PP-42 (the same what-is-seen verdict, two scenes; PP-44 left the pair in v3, its key is now what IS seen by a little light).
PP-41 ⟂ PP-54 (the same reason sentence).
PP-20 ⟂ PP-21 (the independence sentence answers the horn item).
PP-40 ⟂ nothing.