Topic 29 "Which energy resources nature can replace": your read (2 October 2026)

Two readers answered 130 items cold and agreed every key. What they flagged was shape, order and borrowed scenes: "nonrenewable" used one item before the quiz coined it; "advantage" and "disadvantage" used before the items that named them; three Grade 3 scenes (lights off, table wood, lawn watering) that tested no atom here; an option true of a tree in a topic that burns logs; eight key tells; a card whose caption said barn and whose hidden description said house; a blue flame as the only clue to natural gas; plants' time said four ways; three practice items that were quiz items word for word; letter runs of four; Nathan wrong seven times out of seven and two Mo- names; nine give-away pairs for the draw list. All applied in v2.

Reader C then read the whole v2 bundle, 135 items, and agreed every key; no item had two defensible options or none. Three would not ship as they stood: PP-49, whose key was the only option outside the "X alone does the whole job" frame; L04-07, where Monica's reason ruled out "renewable" rather than "energy resource"; and L03-02, whose card named gasoline three items before the quiz said gasoline is made from oil. Six notes came with them: a blue flame still the only clue on PP-24; "a gas you cannot see" to confirm on the L05 page; "disadvantage" to confirm beside "advantage" in L06; "conserving" and "natural resource" assumed from Grade 3; Monica holding opposite beliefs about plants in two items; one awkward phrase in PP-09. All applied in v3, keys unchanged.

The science is right and the teaching shape is sound, the reviewer said: the deciding question sits over every verdict, electricity and the recycled bottle land in neither bin, "about eighty years" is said once per lesson in identical words, and every misconception has a lesson line and an item. Not shippable as it stood, for three reasons, all fixed in v2: the topic was written before Topics 27 and 28 existed, so it said "energy source" and "power station" throughout, told coal's and oil's origins in other words than Topic 28's, never bridged "a very long time" to "millions of years", never said "fossil fuel" and dropped Topic 27's "solar panel"; its first lesson's scene was Topic 27's own (the back seat, the Texas highway, the turbines) and its coal train was Topic 28's; plants' time was said four ways. Worth fixing, all done: the typed items tested Topic 27's device-to-source recall, so the mark now leads each stem; three one-step items were tagged hard; Nathan was never right; Morgan read as Monica; a lights-off item called it conserving electricity in a topic that says electricity is not a resource; three practice items restated quiz items; two summary questions stated the deciding fact. The reviewer answered the author's three questions as the page above shows (coin the two words; keep the three-option set; split the sort lesson, L02 and the marks lesson stand) and gave the cross-topic word rulings in questions 4 to 6.

What a student notices first is the sort board: seven cream cards, a green YES box and a red NO box, one question on top. Then the faults: natural gas drawn as a blue water-drop, the "white turbines" black, a dam that was three rectangles, a barn described as a house, and every article figure at 4 to 6 px on a phone. All fixed in v2: Topic 28's flame and Topic 27's turbine imported; a local dam that reads (the lake held high, the wall, a pipe through its foot, the river low below); a barn drawn; the sort boards and strips stacked, one mark card per row, the weigh-up as two narrow tables, so 13-unit text reads at 13 to 14 px at phone width; the red lifetime bar runs past the frame with a not-to-scale line; four unplaced photo placeholders placed. In v3 two card captions grew to two lines (the pump's "gasoline is made from oil"; the stove top "fed by a gas pipe"), rendered and read.

52 items in content/G4T29_pp100_bank.py: 39 four-option MCQs, 9 MCQs on the declared three-option sort set, 3 typed words (the resource produced from its mark: moving water, wind, sunlight) and one two-of-four select. Per atom: EAR4-090 8 · EAR4-094 8 · EAR4-091 13 · EAR4-092 11 · EAR4-093 12. Easy 15, medium 24, hard 13, sorted easy to hard and rising with the atom's place in the topic. Four-option keys A 7 · B 10 · C 12 · D 10. Fourteen question types, one exemplar each on the type sheet: what happens to a renewable resource after use; which is renewable and why; how long nature takes; what is true once a fuel is used up; sort a named resource; sort a drawn card; electricity in neither group; which mark; the resource typed from its mark; an advantage or disadvantage picked; the word for a bad side; a child's claim is wrong, pick the reason; the two nonrenewable resources; a town's wish chained to a resource. Every scene is fresh against the lessons, quizzes and practice (the scene-noun grep is in the build record), and the type sheet lists the draw constraints from the blind read.

Skill: course-build → write-lesson → write-example-sequence, design-check-sequence, sentence-atomise, write-explanation, write-mcqs; write-video-script; review-figures (author self-check) @ df153ae

(Dispatch in full: write-lesson for L01 and L02 as concept introductions in the fact form, each coining its word LAST after the plain question has judged its own sources, L03 the classification over all seven, L04 a fact lesson in one card shape, L05 the capstone judgement; write-mcqs for the quizzes, attached questions, practice, the PP100 bank and its type sheet; write-video-script for the intro, five lesson scripts and the summary in the elementary micro-lesson anatomy; review-figures as the author's self-check on 45 renders and 5 page screenshots, the non-author pass owed. The vault moved to 80719f4 during the build; the skill text read was df153ae's.)

Grade 4 Topic 29 — Which energy sources nature can replace — build record (v1, 2 October 2026)

What this is, in plain words

Five short lessons, one per atom, closing the energy-resources run (Topics 27 and 28 taught what each of the seven sources is). A child first meets the sources nature keeps making: Nathan watches a row of wind turbines turn all afternoon and asks whether there is less wind tomorrow; no — the wind blows again, the Sun shines again, rain fills the river, new trees grow in some years, and only then is the word renewable said (L01). Then the sources nature cannot keep up with: Monica's grandpa's mine closed because every bit of coal was dug out, and nature takes millions of years to make more coal, oil or natural gas, against a lifetime of about eighty years — nonrenewable is coined last, and the "gone tomorrow" belief is met ("there is still a lot under the ground, but every ton dug up is one ton fewer") (L02). Then the sort: one question over two bins — does nature make more of it in our lifetimes? — all seven cards, the boundary case (plants: years are inside a lifetime) given its own sentence, and two things that go in neither bin: a recycled bottle (recycling is something people do) and electricity (it carries energy from a source) (L03). Then the mark: Morgan says turbines leave no mark, and the class finds that every source leaves one — a field of turbines, smoke and a mine, a flooded valley, a covered field — in one card shape (L04). Last, the capstone: the town must choose a wind farm or a gas power station; each has a good side and a bad side, named advantage and disadvantage; every source has both (L05). Nothing frightening anywhere: a mark is smoke, a mine, a lake, a row of turbines.

Counts. 5 lessons · 5 scripts (148, 149, 150, 150, 143 spoken words) + intro (102 words, 3 question marks) + summary (155 words) · 5 attached questions + the intro's poll + 3 summary questions · 54 quiz items (10 + 11 + 12 + 10 + 11) · 16 practice items (14 MCQ, 1 written answer, 1 Grade 3 yes / no; three Grade 3 retrievals; all four coined terms recognised then recalled by MCQ) · PP100 bank 52 items (39 four-option MCQs, 9 MCQs on the declared three-option sort set, 3 typed, 1 multi-select; EAR4-090 8, EAR4-094 8, EAR4-091 13, EAR4-092 11, EAR4-093 12; easy 15, medium 21, hard 16; four-option keys A 7 · B 10 · C 12 · D 10) · 55 figures (40 SVG by code, 10 photo placeholders, 5 cartoon placeholders) · checker 0 FAIL, 26 WARN (every WARN answered below) · check_g4_articles.py 0 FAIL (articles 313 / 357 / 368 / 369 / 299 words — the four WARNs answered below) · check_svg_ids.py PASS (0 ids) · names register exit 0 · page builds (/tmp/g4t29.html: 5 lessons, 16 practice, 52 pp100, 55 figures) and every lesson's article route screenshotted and read · blind bundle cut (125 MCQ, 3 typed, 1 written, 1 multi; drawing-line grep 0 hits) · video batch built (7 videos, key string A B A B B A B A), check_brief.py clean except the INTRO's standing R79 hit, grep -ci strand 0 · NOT sent · nothing committed.

Decisions made without a blueprint

One line each, with the reason:

• Five lessons, one per atom, in the architecture row's order (090, 094, 091, 092, 093) — EAR4-094's cross note binds: "own lesson with its own examples before the renewable / nonrenewable sort"; so the two coins do NOT share the sort lesson.
• Each coin is still LAST in its lesson, after the plain question has judged that lesson's own sources — the caller's rule (coin after the sort by "does nature make more of it in our lifetimes?") is honoured inside L01 and L02, and L03 then runs the full seven-card sort with both words already coined; this is the only shape that satisfies both the register's cross note and the coin-last rule.
• "Does nature make more of it in our lifetimes?" is the one deciding question, printed over every verdict mark (a verdict mark names its question); "about as fast as people use it" rides on it from Grade 3's rate sentence, which is recalled in one line (L01) and one item (L01-q1, PR-2).
• A lifetime is set at "about eighty years" — the number makes "in our lifetimes" and "millions of years" comparable for a nine-year-old; the bar figure shows one as a tiny box and the other running off the page.
• Coal, oil and natural gas get one formation sentence each and no more — the atom's example is "coal takes millions of years to form"; where the fuels came from is said only as far as the time needs it (plants that died millions of years ago, pressed under the ground; tiny living things in the sea). "Fossil fuel" is not said (grade 6-8's word).
• The "gone tomorrow" belief gets its own section in L02 ("Not gone tomorrow") — the atom says "once it is used up it is gone", which a child hears as "soon"; the correction is "every ton dug up is one ton fewer", and nothing more alarming.
• L03's frame alternates yes / no and puts plants last with a sorting sentence — plants are the one boundary case (years, not days, yet inside a lifetime), so the frame gives it a line of its own before any item sorts a burned-plant case (L03-q5, q11, L03's attached).
• Two "neither bin" cases in L03 — the recycled bottle meets "renewable means recyclable"; electricity meets "electricity is a source" with Topic 4's sentence word for word; both are the caller's named misconceptions, and the bank's three-option sort set makes "not an energy source" a real key.
• A mark is explained before the rule uses it ("a change you can see after a source is used: on the land, in the air or the water") and every mark is a thing in a photograph — smoke, a mine, a flooded valley, a field of turbines, a covered roof; no "pollution", no "climate", nothing frightening.
• One mark card per source, one shape — the source glyph, the mark as a chip, one plain sentence; the seven together are L04's and the summary's figure.
• "Advantage" and "disadvantage" are coined, in L05, last — TEKS 4-11A's words, which the state tests use; "a good side / a bad side" carry the examples and are retired after the coin (Question 1 for James).
• Topic 12's criterion and constraint are not used — a weigh-up names two sides; it tests no design against a job, and a constraint would be an invented limit.
• L05 ends with "many towns choose both" — true of real towns, and it keeps the weigh-up from reading as "renewable good, fuel bad"; the every-source-has-both line is the rule.
• All four coined words are recalled by MCQ — nine- and twelve-letter words a grade-4 child is not asked to spell (James, 30 Sep 2026); the bank's typed items produce SOURCES from their marks instead (wind, moving water, sunlight).
• The seven sources are named by the TEKS words (wind, moving water, sunlight, plants, coal, oil, natural gas) and drawn with the topic's own glyphs — Topics 27 and 28 were not on disk when this was written (see "Owed").
• Every lesson gets a video — L01 and L02 are a strip a child should watch change; L03 is cards sliding into bins; L04 is cards appearing; L05 is a tick and a cross appearing beside one card.
• The intro is Monica's house on a cold evening — lights, furnace, a full tank — none of which is L01's wind farm; it coins nothing and asks two felt questions plus the ready line.

Grade 3 and Topic 4 doorways, recalled by one item and one line each, never re-taught: Grade 3 Topic 28 ("Everything you own started as a natural resource: a thing we take from nature to make things or to use" — PR-1; "A natural resource runs short when people use it faster than nature replaces it" — L01's line, L01-q1, PR-2; "Conserving a natural resource means using it carefully, so it does not run short" — L04's line, L04-q1, PR-3); Grade 4 Topic 4 ("Electricity carries energy along wires to whatever is plugged in" — L03's line, L03-q1); Topic 28's atoms (coal a black rock dug from the ground, then burned; oil a thick liquid pumped from deep under the ground; natural gas a gas trapped under the ground, piped up — L02's recall lines and L02-q1, in the atoms' own words because Topic 28 was not on disk).

The simplifications, named: "about eighty years" for a lifetime; "millions of years" for the forming of coal, oil and natural gas (hundreds of millions, in fact — "millions" is the fit-for-purpose figure); "a gas you cannot see" for what burning natural gas puts into the air (carbon dioxide and water vapour are not named); "smoke" for what burning coal, gasoline and logs put into the air (gases too, unnamed); panels "cover the field, and the ground under them is in shade" (grass may grow between rows). No note is printed in the article: none of these is a number a child could catch.

Questions for James (the build does not wait on them)

• Should "advantage" and "disadvantage" be coined here, or should the topic say only "a good side" and "a bad side"? Context: the atom's behaviour names "one advantage plus one disadvantage" and TEKS 4-11A and the STAAR items use the words; the vault's "coin no word the everyday word covers" pulls the other way, and they are nine- and twelve-letter words. Recommendation: coin them, recalled by MCQ only, as built — a child meets them on the test. Built with the coin at the end of L05 and "a good side / a bad side" retired after it.
• Is the declared three-option sort set (renewable / nonrenewable / not an energy source) right for the bank's nine sort items? Context: a two-bin sort has no honest fourth option; the third option is a real key on the electricity item, as Topic 19's three-family set was. Recommendation: keep it. Built so; S11 accepts it with a WARN.
• Do L02 (357 words), L03 (368) and L04 (369) stand at their length? Context: the brief allows an article above 300 words with a subtitle or figure every eight lines and a reason; L02's longest run of idea lines is 4 (7 figures, 6 subtitles), L03's is 6 (5 figures, 5 subtitles), L04's is 3 (9 figures, 5 subtitles); each section feeds an item (the "not gone tomorrow" section, the two neither-bin cases, the conserving line). Recommendation: keep as one article each; L03's two neither-bin cases are the two named misconceptions and a split would make a sixth lesson for a sort. Built as one each.

Design-check-sequence records

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Skill: design-check-sequence @ df153ae

Part: L01 (EAR4-090)

Type: (a) one-step fact — does nature make more of this source in our lifetimes; the answer is yes, a time word, or the term.

Plan: recall hay bales (no) → Kansas windmill (yes) → Arizona panels (yes) → Oregon dam, what fills the river (3 opt, 0) → Georgia pines inside a lifetime (yes) → trees cut faster than they grow, does nature keep up (no) → about how fast (3 opt, 2) → the term recognised (3 opt, 1) → Monica's claim, the wind used up (no) → the term recalled by MCQ (3 opt, 1). Two-option string B A A A B B; three-option 0 2 1 1.

Belongs in practice/test instead: the four-outcome set; which-of-four is renewable; the reason-sentence form (PP types 1, 2).

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Skill: design-check-sequence @ df153ae

Part: L02 (EAR4-094)

Type: (a) one-step fact with one claim pair — how long nature takes; what happens once a fuel is used up; the term.

Plan: recall coal (3 opt, 0) → how long for oil (3 opt, 2) → Pennsylvania gas well gone for our lifetimes (yes) → Illinois mine, what happens next (3 opt, 1) → which takes millions of years (3 opt, 0) → Monica's TRUE claim (yes) → Morgan's gas-stations claim (no) → the term recognised (3 opt, 1) → the WHY for oil (3 opt, 0) → the term recalled by MCQ (3 opt, 2) → transfer, a fuel under the sea (2 opt, B). Two-option string A A B B; three-option 0 2 1 0 1 0 2.

Belongs in practice/test instead: the ordered four-way time set; the still-a-lot item; the claims as reason items (PP types 3, 4).

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Skill: design-check-sequence @ df153ae

Part: L03 (EAR4-091)

Type: (a) one-step categorisation — a named or drawn source in use goes in one of two bins; the fluency run by design.

Plan: recall Topic 4's electricity (3 opt, 0) → turbines card (A) → gas pump card (B) → dam card (A) → wood stove card (A) → lawn mower's oil (B) → Minnesota furnace's gas (B) → Florida path light's sunlight (A) → Morgan's bottle claim (no) → Nathan's electricity claim (no) → Monica's TRUE plants claim (yes) → which of four is nonrenewable (4 opt, 1). Two-option string A B A A B B A B B A; three- and four-option 0 1.

Belongs in practice/test instead: the three-option sort set with "not an energy source" as a key; the drawn cards the quiz does not use; the claims as reason items; the multi-select (PP types 5, 6, 7, 12, 13).

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Skill: design-check-sequence @ df153ae

Part: L04 (EAR4-092)

Type: (c) concept understanding — a universal attribute (every source leaves a mark) with one documented belief and its mirror.

Plan: recall conserving (3 opt, 1) → WHAT coal's mark on the air (3 opt, 0) → WHAT a dam's mark (3 opt, 0) → WHAT panels' mark (3 opt, 2) → WHY the air is clearer after a wind farm replaces a coal station (3 opt, 1) → Monica's claim, panels leave no mark (no) → Nathan's claim, logs leave no mark (no) → Morgan's TRUE claim, a wind farm's mark on the air is smaller (yes) → TRANSFER a gas station's mark on the air (3 opt, 2) → TRANSFER which town's station puts less smoke (A). Two-option string B B A A; three-option 1 0 0 2 1 2. The why's case (a town's clearer air) is fresh against the article (the article's cases: the poster, the wind farm's field, the coal station and mine, gasoline, natural gas, logs, the flooded valley, the school roof).

Belongs in practice/test instead: which-of-four leaves a mark but no smoke; the typed mark → source items; the claims as reason items (PP types 8, 9, 12).

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Skill: design-check-sequence @ df153ae

Part: L05 (EAR4-093)

Type: (c) concept understanding on a judgement routine — the capstone; two coined words, one documented belief and its mirror.

Plan: recall does nature make more sunlight (yes) → WHAT an advantage of a dam (3 opt, 1) → WHAT a disadvantage of panels (3 opt, 0) → WHAT an advantage of coal (3 opt, 2) → WHY panels alone will not do the whole job (3 opt, 1) → Nathan's claim, wind has no disadvantage (no) → Monica's claim, coal has no advantage (no) → Morgan's TRUE claim, every source has both (yes) → TRANSFER a disadvantage of logs (3 opt, 0) → "advantage" recognised and recalled (3 opt, 0) → "disadvantage" recalled (3 opt, 2). Two-option string A B B A; three-option 1 0 2 1 0 0 2. The why's case (a town far from any river) is fresh against the article (the article's cases: the town's wind farm and gas station, the seven-row table).

Belongs in practice/test instead: the four-statement advantage / disadvantage items; the fact-classified items; the chains; the claims as reason items (PP types 10, 11, 12, 14).

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The key strings

• Attached questions in video order (L01, L02, L03, L04, L05, summary 1–3): A B A B B A B A — A 4 of 8, B 4 of 8.
• Lesson quizzes, two-option items (A = yes / the first option): L01 B A A A B B · L02 A A B B · L03 A B A A B B A B B A · L04 B B A A · L05 A B B A — no four in a row alternate; no position above 60 % within a lesson.
• Three-option (and L03's one four-option) items: L01 0 2 1 1; L02 0 2 1 0 1 0 2; L03 0 1; L04 1 0 0 2 1 2; L05 1 0 2 1 0 0 2; practice three-option 0 0 1 2 0 2 1 2 0 1, two-option B B A A B.
• PP100 four-option keys: A 7 · B 10 · C 12 · D 10 (39 MCQs); the nine three-option sort items: renewable 4 · nonrenewable 4 · not an energy source 1; the three typed items and the multi-select carry no letter.
• Claims: ten in the quizzes (L01 1, L02 2, L03 3, L04 3, L05 3 — counted by lesson: 1 + 2 + 3 + 3 + 3 = 12 with the two TRUE Morgan / Monica items) plus one in the practice; four are keyed yes (L02-q6 Monica, L03-q11 Monica, L04-q8 Morgan, L05-q8 Morgan); No carries 8 of 12 quiz claims = 67 %, under the 70 % line.
• Order-key convention: no order items in this topic. Lettered stems: none (the use cards carry captions, not letters).

The example sequences, written out

L01 (one frame, examples only; the rule induced after): Today the turbine uses the wind. Tomorrow the wind blows again. · Today the panels take in sunlight. Tomorrow the Sun shines again. · Today the river turns the wheel. After the next rain, the river is full again. · Today the logs are burned. Some years later, new trees have grown big. · Most people live about eighty years: one lifetime. All four come back well inside it, about as fast as people use them. · Rule: A renewable resource is one nature makes more of in our lifetimes, about as fast as people use it. Wind, moving water, sunlight and plants are renewable.

L02 (the same frame with the right panel empty): Today the coal is dug up and burned. Millions of years later, nature has made more; for us, none yet. · Oil and natural gas the same. · Millions of years against about eighty. · So nature cannot keep up; once used up, gone for us. Not gone tomorrow — every ton dug up is one ton fewer. · Rule: A nonrenewable resource is one nature takes far too long to replace, so once it is used up it is gone. Coal, oil and natural gas are nonrenewable.

L03 (one frame over seven; because stated, since the rule is known): Nature makes more wind by tomorrow, so the answer for wind is yes. Wind is renewable. / Nature takes millions of years to make more coal, so the answer for coal is no. Coal is nonrenewable. / … sunlight yes / oil no / moving water yes / natural gas no / A tree takes years to grow big. But years are inside our lifetimes. So the answer for plants is yes. Plants are renewable. · Neither bin: a recycled bottle (recycling is something people do); electricity (it carries energy from a source). · Rule: To sort an energy source, ask: does nature make more of it in our lifetimes? If yes, the source is renewable. If no, the source is nonrenewable.

L04 (one card shape, examples only): wind — a field of tall turbines · coal — smoke, and a mine · oil — smoke from engines · natural gas — a gas you cannot see · plants — smoke, and trees cut · moving water — a flooded valley · sunlight — panels cover a field. · Rule: Using any energy source leaves a mark on the land, the air or the water: smoke in the air, a mine or a flooded valley, or a field covered with turbines or panels.

L05 (the routine run once, then named): wind's good side (no smoke; nature keeps up) and bad side (only when the wind blows) · natural gas's good side (day and night) and bad side (a gas into the air; nature cannot keep up) · the words · which matters more for this town · the seven in one table · Rule: To weigh up an energy source, name one advantage of using it and one disadvantage. Every energy source has both.

The rules applied

Misconceptions confronted, by name

The vault's catalogue (Elementary physics misconceptions catalogue (grades 3-5).md) has one row that touches this topic — ENE-07 (electricity is made in the wall socket). The others come from the energy-literacy literature named in each item's source, or are the lesson's own boundary cases, said so.

Checker result, every WARN answered

python3 build_tools_check_topic.py grade4/topic29_build/content/G4T29.py → 0 FAIL, 26 WARN (S30-COUNTS typed=3 fail=0 warn=0; S36-COUNTS unusual_words=12; S37 strand=0; S38 fragments=0; S39 hits=0; S29 0; S35 typed_long=0).

• S8 beat carries 3 sentences (×11): kept — the elementary micro-lesson's beats are one scene each with two to three short sentences (Topics 18 and 22 carry the same and their records say so); every script is at or under 150 spoken words (148 / 149 / 150 / 150 / 143).
• S11 nine PP100 MCQs carry the declared three-option set: by design — Question 2 for James.
• S34 'natural resource' / 'conserving' have no typed recall: by design — these are Grade 3 Topic 28's coined words, listed in terms for the glossary and RECALLED by one MCQ each (PR-1 keyed "a natural resource"; L04-q1 keyed "conserving", PR-3 keyed "conserving water"), never re-coined; they are not in coined_at, so no S12 reading applies. (The four words of this topic are in RECALL_BY_MCQ and clear S34.)
• S36 unusual words (12), one line each: recycled ×11 — fine, Grade 3 Topic 28's coined word, used here as the belief's own word and as a sister option; bales ×4 — fine, hay bales are a US farm word a nine-year-old knows, and the item is Grade 3's rate idea on a fresh scene; conserved ×4 — fine, the Grade 3 word as a sister option; furnace ×3 — fine, the everyday US word for the thing that heats a house; outlet ×2 — fine, the US word for the wall socket, the belief's own word; stalks ×2 — fine, corn stalks, said with "corn"; refills ×2 — fine, a plain verb in a distractor; renews ×1 and renew ×1 — fine, the lesson explains it in the same line ("nature makes it new again") and the word is the root of the coin; shelter ×1 — fine, a bus shelter is an everyday thing; delivery ×1 and van ×1 — fine, "a delivery van" is an everyday US phrase.
• check_g4_articles.py: L01 313, L02 357, L03 368 and L04 369 words above the 300 WARN line — kept with the reason in Question 3 (longest run of idea lines without a subtitle or figure: 4 / 4 / 6 / 3; figures 8 / 7 / 5 / 9; subtitles 5 / 6 / 5 / 5; every section feeds an item); L05 is 299.
• check_brief.py: every video ✓ except the INTRO's standing R79 hit (an intro has no rule slide and no bullets; accepted on every topic) and the intro/questions "at the limit" note (3 question marks: two felt questions and the ready line).

Bank freshness, re-performed

Scene nouns of every lesson, quiz, attached and summary item, grepped against the bank and the practice set (62 nouns: grandma, Texas, back seat, car window, school roof, stove, logs, grandpa, West Virginia, hill, board, poster, two drawings, Kansas, windmill, Arizona, bus shelter, Oregon, Georgia, pines, Iowa, Pennsylvania, Illinois, Oklahoma, Minnesota, furnace, Florida, garden path, lawn mower, toaster, Kentucky, Ohio, Tennessee, Utah, Vermont, cabin, Wisconsin, Idaho, New Mexico, library, hay, bales, ranch, sailing, Michigan, boat, New Hampshire, mill, Arkansas, South Dakota, blueberry, lawns, kitchen table, Nevada, Montana, gas pump, truck, dam, wind farm, power station, panels, turbines, mine, well, corn). After the pass: hill → 0 as a scene (the Wyoming turbines moved to "a farm"; "below the hill" → "below it"); Kansas → 0 (the typed barn moved to Delaware); Oklahoma → 0 (the typed turbine field moved to Nebraska); pines → 0 (the Mississippi forest grows "new trees"); furnace → 0 (the Michigan school's gas device is a water heater); truck as a scene → 0 (the sort item's gasoline is a delivery van's; "a truck burning gasoline" remains as a distractor in one mark item); the North Dakota oil well became an oil company's farm (the L02 attached is an Oklahoma well). Remaining hits are content words, not scenes: stove ×5 (a wood stove as an OPTION in two mark items; "stove top" in the burner card's why), logs ×9 (Nathan's logs claim — the belief by design, L04-q7's yes / no form against the bank's reason form — and distractors), New Mexico ×2 (a store roof; the summary's oil pump is a different thing), Montana ×1 (a mine; the quiz's card is a dam), Michigan ×1 (a school; the practice's sailing club), ranch ×1 (a Nevada panel field; the quiz's Kansas windmill), corn ×2 (the Nebraska station; the quiz has corn stalks as an option), mill (regex catches "millions"), and the topic's content nouns dam ×24, turbines ×29, panels ×19, wind farm ×11, power station ×11, mine ×11, well ×2 — the things the topic is about, never the lesson's own scene (Nathan's drive, the school roof, the hill, Monica's grandpa's mine). The practice's own nouns match only themselves. No bank item reuses a taught scene with a noun changed.

Blind-text grep

grep -h '^\[Drawing:' grade4/topic29_build/blind/2026-10-02/*.md | grep -icE 'renewable|nonrenewable|keeps up|runs out|mark' → 0 hits. The eight drawing lines are use cards, each "card: <what is drawn>; caption: <the thing>" — e.g. "card: three open rail cars heaped with black lumps on a track; caption: a train of rail cars in Wyoming"; "card: a gray dam wall with blue water held behind it and a blue stream running away below it; caption: a dam on a river in Montana". None names a bin, the question's answer, or a source's group.

Figures (author self-check on the renders; the non-author review-figures pass is owed)

All 55 SVGs rendered through headless Chrome to ten contact sheets (/tmp/g4t29_figs/png/sheet_.png) and opened; the five article routes, L03's quiz route and the PP100 route screenshotted (/tmp/g4t29_figs/page/.png) and read. Fixed on the render: rule_sort's first line ran past the frame (split into three lines over two); rule_mark's first line touched the edge (split into four lines). Checked on the render: every source glyph reads as its thing at card size (the turbine's three blades, the dam's water on one side, the sun's rays, the tree and log, the coal lump's shine, the drop, the two-tone flame); every tick and cross sits under its card with its word; the sort board's seven cards sit above the two bins in the headache form and inside them in the sorted and named forms; the strips' empty dotted card reads "none yet"; the time table and the weigh-up table fit their frames (Topic 18's drawer measures every cell); the lifetime bar's red bar runs to the frame edge with "and on, far past the page" beneath it; the eight use cards' captions sit inside the card; no element is drawn over another. check_svg_ids.py → PASS (no ids at all).

Names run

python3 build_tools_names.py Quintero Monica Morgan Nathan → Quintero free · Monica free · Morgan free · Nathan free, exit 0. No other character name appears; places are real US places (Texas, West Virginia, Kansas, Arizona, Oregon, Georgia, Iowa, Pennsylvania, Illinois, Oklahoma, Minnesota, Florida, Kentucky, Ohio, Tennessee, Utah, Vermont, Wisconsin, Idaho, New Mexico, Michigan, New Hampshire, Arkansas, South Dakota, Massachusetts, Alabama, Mississippi, Montana, Wyoming, Nebraska, Indiana, Louisiana, North Dakota, Missouri, Nevada, Colorado, Delaware, the Ohio River).

Sentence-atomise self-check (one table per paragraph, collapsed to the rows that changed)

Judgement calls

• The coins sit in L01 and L02, not in the sort lesson — the register's cross note on EAR4-094 ("own lesson with its own examples before the sort") outranks the convenience of one coining lesson; the coin is still last in each lesson, after the plain question has judged that lesson's sources.
• "Advantage" and "disadvantage" coined — Question 1.
• The three-option sort set in the bank — Question 2.
• Articles over 300 words — Question 3.
• "About eighty years" for a lifetime — a number the atom does not give, chosen so "in our lifetimes" and "millions of years" can be compared on one bar; recorded as a simplification.
• The seven sources drawn with this topic's own glyphs — Topics 27 and 28 were not on disk; when they land, their glyphs are to be imported here and these retired (one depiction per thing), and L02's three recall lines for coal, oil and natural gas, L03's "wind, moving water, sunlight, plants, coal, oil and natural gas" and the summary's lists checked word for word against their coined words.
• The three children as claim-makers more than once each — three names in the row and twelve quiz claims plus seven bank claims; each child's claims are on different beliefs and different scenes (Topic 22 took the same call).
• The typed items produce sources, not the coined words — the coined words are long (RECALL_BY_MCQ); mark → source is the one honest produced answer in the topic, tagged EAR4-092 because the mark decides it.
• "Smoke" for what burning gasoline puts into the air; "a gas you cannot see" for natural gas — fit-for-purpose words for a nine-year-old; carbon dioxide is grade 6-8's; recorded as a simplification.
• "Many towns choose both" — kept in L05 so the weigh-up does not read as a verdict against fuels or for them; the atom's AZ verb is argue from evidence, and the evidence here is the two sides.
• Fourteen types on the type sheet — above the "about ten" ceiling because five atoms, two coins and a capstone each need their own forms; fewer would merge moves James reads separately.

Owed

• Blind review of blind/2026-10-02/BLIND_BUNDLE_G4T29.md (130 items held; the keys file is sequestered) by a reader who has not seen the keys.
• The non-author review-figures pass over the 40 SVG renders and the 15 placeholders' briefs.
• review-questions and review-lesson passes; review-accuracy on the formation sentences (coal from land plants; oil and gas from sea life), the eighty-year lifetime, and the natural-gas "gas you cannot see".
• When Topics 27 and 28 land: check L02's three recall lines and every list of the seven sources against their coined words; import their source glyphs into figures.py and retire this topic's; re-run the checker.
• The picture pass (David's pack) on the 10 photo and 5 cartoon placeholders — after James's sign-off, since this record carries Questions for him.
• The video batch (handoff/G4T29/videos/batch_G4T29.json, READY.md written) is NOT sent; James's word is needed for Grade 4's batches.
• Nothing committed.

v2 — reviews applied (2 October 2026)

Skill: course-build → write-lesson (the article lines, the L01 and L02 rewrites, the L03 split) → write-video-script (the L01, L02, L03 beats, the new L04 script, the summary) → write-mcqs (every item change; check_key_tells.py) → write-explanation (fb and why lines) → review-figures (author re-render after every drawer change) → sentence-atomise (every new sentence) @ fb37d14

In plain words. The three reviews found a sound topic written in the wrong words. It was built before Topics 27 and 28 existed, so it said "energy source" where the course says energy resource, "power station" where the course says power plant, told coal's and oil's origins in other words than Topic 28's, never bridged "a very long time" to "millions of years", never said "fossil fuel", and dropped Topic 27's "solar panel". Its first lesson opened on Topic 27's own scene (the car, the Texas highway, the turbines), and two items borrowed Topic 28's coal train. Plants' time was said four ways. All of that is fixed in place, every key keeping its letter and meaning except where a row said otherwise. The one structural change: the sort lesson is now two lessons — L03 sorts the seven, with the four drawn use cards as its quiz, and L04 "Two things that are not energy resources" takes the recycled bottle and electricity with its own headache, script, rule and seven-item quiz — so the topic is six lessons. Morgan is now Jake. The drawings read on a phone: bins stacked, strip panels stacked, one mark card per row, the weigh-up as two narrow tables, natural gas a FLAME, the turbines white, the dam a wall with its lake and pipe. Blind bundle re-cut; batch rebuilt and checked, not sent; nothing committed.

#### Finding → change

#### Word counts, before → after (student strings; comments, source, hb, lesson_type and check_design excluded)

energy source 101 → 0 · energy resource 0 → 131 · power station 53 → 0 · power plant 0 → 72 · solar panel 1 → 27 · fossil fuel 0 → 7 (one article line, one script beat, one screen cue, the glossary entry and coined_at) · Morgan 32 → 0 · Jake 0 → 46 · takes years 7 → 0 · some years 14 → 36 · about twenty 1 → 2.

#### The six lessons

Counts: 58 quiz items · 6 attached + 3 summary questions · 16 practice · bank 52 (39 four-option MCQs, 9 on the three-option sort set, 3 typed, 1 multi; per atom EAR4-090 8 · EAR4-094 8 · EAR4-091 13 · EAR4-092 11 · EAR4-093 12; easy 15 / medium 24 / hard 13; four-option keys A 7 · B 10 · C 12 · D 10) · 58 figures (41 SVG by code, 11 photo and 6 cartoon placeholders) · 8 videos in the batch (intro 103, L01–L06 144 / 142 / 141 / 134 / 150 / 143, summary 164). Lexicon: + L04's rule. Articles above 300 (L01 321, L02 372, L05 372): the WARNs stand with the reviewer's ruling that L02 and L05 stand at their length (the deep-time, origin and fossil-fuel lines the review asked for are what took L02 from 357 to 372; L01's growth is the energy-resource opener and the Topic 27 bridge, and one restatement was cut); the summary speaks ONE rule sentence per lesson (L01's and L02's example lists are on the sorted board on screen) to stay under 175 words with L04's rule added.

#### design-check-sequence record, L04 (new)

`

Skill: design-check-sequence @ fb37d14

Part: L04 (EAR4-091, the boundary of the sort)

Type: (a) one-step categorisation on the boundary — is this nature making more; is this an energy resource.

Plan: recall Topic 4's electricity (3 opt, 0) → new trees growing, is that nature making more (yes) → Jake's jar claim (no) → Nathan's outlet claim (no) → where the lamp's energy came from (3 opt, 0) → which of three is an energy resource (3 opt, 2) → Monica's TRUE claim, a recycled can is not a resource (yes). Two-option string A B B A; three-option 0 0 2.

Belongs in practice/test instead: the sort set with "not an energy resource" as a key (PP type 7); the claims as reason items (PP type 12).

`

#### Key strings

• Attached, video order (L01–L06, summary ×3): A B A B B B A B A (B 5 of 9, 56 %).
• Two-option: L01 B A A A B B · L02 A A B B · L03 A B A A B B B A (the Florida path light became a North Carolina coal plant so no position holds 5 of 8) · L04 A B B A · L05 B B A A · L06 A B B A; practice B B A A B. Three- and four-option: L01 0 2 1 1; L02 0 2 1 0 1 0 2; L03 1; L04 0 0 2; L05 1 0 0 2 1 2; L06 0 1 0 2 1 0 2; practice 0 0 1 2 0 2 1 2 0 1.
• Claims: 13 in the quizzes, 5 keyed yes (L02-q6 Monica, L03-q8 Monica, L04-q7 Monica, L05-q8 Nathan, L06-q9 Jake); No 8 of 13 = 62 %. Nathan is right once (L05-q8); Jake once (L06-q9).
• Bank four-option letters in order: A B C B D A D D D C C B C A D C B D A C C B D C A B B C B C A D C B D A C B — no four alike.

#### Checker results

• build_tools_check_topic.py → 0 FAIL, 29 WARN: S8 beats of three sentences ×14 (the elementary micro-lesson's scene beats, as v1); S7 none; S18 L04 quiz has 7 items (a one-step boundary lesson: as many honest items as exist); S11 the declared three-option set (James's call open); S34 "fossil fuel" and "energy resource" have no recognition / recall item (by design: "fossil fuel" is said once and keyed on by no item, per the review; "energy resource" is Topic 27's coin — L04-q6 asks which of three IS an energy resource) and "natural resource" / "conserving" as v1; S36 eleven words (bales, conserved, outlet, furnace, refills, split, renews, renew, shelter, delivery, van — all fine, as v1; "split logs" is the everyday phrase).
• check_g4_articles.py → 0 FAIL; articles 321 / 372 / 284 / 179 / 372 / 299; intro 103, summary 164 with the opener.
• build_tools_names.py Quintero Monica Jake Nathan → all free, exit 0.
• check_svg_ids.py → PASS (58 figures, 0 ids).
• check_key_tells.py → KEY TELLS: 0 of 131 MCQs flagged (a: 0, b: 0, c: 0).
• Site built to /tmp/g4t29_v2.html (6 lessons, 16 practice, 52 pp100, 58 figures); every article route, the L03 and L04 quiz routes, the practice and the PP100 screenshotted at 1200 px and in a true 360 px iframe (/tmp/g4t29_shots/), opened and read; 20 figure renders opened at 700 px (/tmp/g4t29_figs/): the turbines white with three blades, the flame pointed and blue, the dam's lake / wall / pipe / river, the barn's three panels, the truck's five coal lumps, the stacked bins with their chips inside, the two weigh tables, the clipped red bar.
• Batch: build_tools_video_batch.py → 8 videos; check_brief.py ✓ on L01–L06 and the summary, the intro's one standing R79 line and the "at the limit" note; grep -ci strand 0; grep of the old words in the batch 0. Not sent.
• Blind bundle: blind/2026-10-02-v2/BLIND_BUNDLE_G4T29.md — 130 MCQ, 3 typed, 1 FRQ, 1 multi (135 held). grep of its [Drawing: lines for renewable | nonrenewable | keeps up | runs out | mark → 0 hits.

#### Item ids changed (stem, options, key, fb, why, figure, blind text or accept)

• Lessons: L01 (headache, article lines 1–3, 7, 13, 21, 27–28, two figures added; script beats 1, 3; L01-q3 stem) · L02 (forest, article lines 6–8, 13–18, two figures added; script beats 2–4; L02-q1 new scene; L02-q2 fb / why; L02-q7 ↔ L02-q8 swapped; L02-q8 Jake; L02-q9 key) · L03 (split; headache / forest / article / script re-cut; L03-q1–q4 are the old use cards; L03-q7 new, a North Carolina coal plant; L03-q8 "some years") · L04 (new lesson: headache, forest, article, script, attached, L04-q1–q7; q1 is the old L03-q1, q3 and q4 are the old L03-q9 / q10 re-scened, q2 / q5 / q6 / q7 new) · L05 (was L04: every "Morgan" → Jake; L05-q1 faucet; L05-q7 Jake; L05-q8 Nathan; "solar panels" first mentions; power plant) · L06 (was L05: L06-q2 is the old q10 moved up; L06-q5 key; "solar panels"; power plant).
• Practice: PR-1 options and fb; PR-5 why; PR-6, PR-9, PR-12 wording; PR-13, PR-14, PR-16 rewritten.
• Bank: every item's "source" / "station" words; PP-2, 9 (stem and option order), 7 / 8 / 9 why, 22 (blind text, why), 23 (figure pp_use_truck, why), 28 (key text), 37 / 38 / 39 (retagged, moved), 40 (Jake), 41 (key), 42 ("some years"), 43 / 44 / 45 (stems, hb), 46 / 47 / 51 (keys), 48 (gas power plant), 52 (plant).
• Figures renamed / added / removed: car_cartoon → trip_cartoon; pp_use_train → pp_use_truck; added neither_row, rule_neither, bottle_cartoon; every article drawer re-laid for the phone.

#### Judgement calls, v2

• Jake, not Casey. The hand-over named Casey and asked for a grep to confirm it free; the grep found Topic 30's review of the same day ruling "Parker → Casey, free course-wide", so Casey is promised to Topic 30 and a second Casey would break A character's name belongs to one topic across a course. Jake was taken instead: outside the pool, free in the Grade 3 register, in no Grade 4 topic, demo or review (Kate, the other free-looking name, is a claim-maker in the criteria-and-constraints demo). One word to revert if the coordinator prefers Casey here and another name for Topic 30.
• L02-q1 is a Maryland truck, not the review's Ohio River barge — PR-6 already carries an Ohio River boat with coal; "barge" was an S36 word in v1.
• PR-16 keys "advantage" on sunlight, not the review's dam / "disadvantage": the practice already recalls "disadvantage" (PR-15) and the review's version would have reused PP-38's dam-lake move.
• The typed items stay hard (the review offered "lead with the mark, or retag medium"): with the mark leading, the student produces the resource from this topic's atom (EAR4-092), which is the produced form the type sheet needs for its hard tier.
• The L03 quiz's Florida path light became a North Carolina coal plant so the two-option keys hold 4 of 8 at each position (S7); sunlight is still sorted in L01 and on the drawn barn card in the bank.
• The summary speaks one rule sentence per lesson (L01's and L02's example lists dropped from the narration, kept on screen) so L04's rule fits under 175 words.
• The bundle's letter runs (B ×4, B ×12) are the shared bundler's seeded shuffle of yes / no items; the authored strings hold. Told to the bundle cutter rather than worked around by changing right keys.

#### Sentence-atomise, v2 lines

Every new idea line read: one idea each, ≤ 22 words (S1 0), subject and verb (S38 0: "Is Jake right?" is a whole question; the rule's colon sentences carry "is" before the colon); the 23-word lifetime line split into the bridge line and "All four come back well inside one lifetime, about as fast as people use them, so they do not run short." New fb / why lines one causal link per <br> (S5 0). Not committed.

#### Owed after v2

• A fresh blind read of blind/2026-10-02-v2/ (135 held); the non-author review-figures pass on the re-laid article figures and the four new drawings (barn, truck, dam, neither row).
• Topic 27's next opening: factor dam(x, y, s) and stove(x, y, s) glyphs; then import them here and delete _dam / _sc_wood_stove's stove body.
• The picture pass on 11 photo and 6 cartoon placeholders (trip_cartoon and bottle_cartoon new) — after James's sign-off, since this record still carries Questions for him.
• The batch (handoff/G4T29/videos/batch_G4T29.json, 8 videos, READY.md regenerated) is NOT sent; James's word is needed for Grade 4's batches.
• Nothing committed.

v3 — polish (2 October 2026)

Skill: course-build → write-mcqs (every item change; check_key_tells.py) → write-explanation (the fb and why lines) → write-lesson (two recall lines, one L04 line) → review-figures (author re-render of the two card captions) @ e23b67f

In plain words. Reader C read the whole v2 bundle cold, 135 items, and agreed every key. Three items would not ship as they stood, and six smaller notes came with them. All nine are applied here; no key letter or meaning changed, no script line changed, so the video batch is untouched.

#### Flag → change

#### Checks after v3

• build_tools_check_topic.py → 0 FAIL, 30 WARN (v2's 29 plus one): S8 beats of three sentences ×14, S18 L04 at 7 items, S11 the declared three-option set, S34 ×4 and S36 ×11 as v2; the new one is S22 on L04-q7 ("negative stem over negative options"): the claim states a negative fact ("is not an energy resource") and the options are bare yes / no with the key yes, so the student answers one positive question, "Is Monica right?" — kept, as every TRUE negative-fact claim in Grades 3-5 is. (One FAIL appeared and was fixed in the same pass: L04-q7's second fb ran to 31 words; now 26.)
• check_g4_articles.py → 0 FAIL; articles 325 / 372 / 284 / 200 / 376 / 299; intro 103; summary 164 with the opener.
• check_key_tells.py → KEY TELLS: 0 of 131 MCQs flagged (a: 0, b: 0, c: 0).
• check_svg_ids.py → PASS (58 figures, 0 ids).
• build_tools_names.py Quintero Monica Jake Nathan → all free, exit 0.
• Site built to /tmp/g4t29_p.html (6 lessons, 16 practice, 52 pp100, 58 figures); the two re-captioned cards rendered through headless Chrome and read: both captions sit on two lines inside the card, 14-unit text, nothing clipped.
• Video batch not rebuilt: git diff of the lessons file shows 0 changed say lines; handoff/G4T29/videos/batch_G4T29.json stands as v2's. Not sent.
• Blind bundle re-cut: blind/2026-10-02-v3/BLIND_BUNDLE_G4T29.md — 130 MCQ, 3 typed, 1 FRQ, 1 multi (135 held). grep of its 8 [Drawing: lines for renewable | nonrenewable | keeps up | runs out | mark → 0 hits; the two new captions appear in the drawing lines as "gasoline is made from oil" and "fed by a gas pipe" (the resource, not the bin, as L03-05 and PP-11 already give it).

#### Item ids changed in v3 (for a mini re-read)

Lesson quizzes: L03-08 (claim-maker Jake: stem, why) · L04-07 (stem, fb ×2, why, source). Lesson text, not items: L01 article line 25 ("Remember from Grade 3:"); L04 article, one new line after the recycled-bottle lines; L05 article line 23 ("Remember from Grade 3:"). Bank: PP-09 (stem) · PP-24 (why; caption and blind text of pp_use_burner) · PP-49 (option D) · PP-52 (why: "plant"). Figures: use_card takes a two-line caption; q_use_pump and pp_use_burner captions. Records: this section; TYPES_G4T29.md (v3 note); REVIEW_NEXT_G4T29.md (new).

#### Judgement calls, v3

• Jake takes L03-08, not PP-42. Reader C asked for "one swap". Jake's L05-07 claim already rests on "plants are renewable", so giving him the TRUE renewable claim keeps every child's beliefs consistent; giving him PP-42 (plants nonrenewable) would have made the same clash in his name. Nathan was not used: his L05-08 and PP-47 lines also lean on trees growing back. Jake is now right twice (L03-08, L06-09), Monica twice (L02-06, L04-07), Nathan once (L05-08); No 8 of 13 claims.
• The L04 reason is "gives no energy when it is used again", with a lesson line to carry it. Reader C offered two recasts: "is not renewable, because recycling is what people do" (a second item on L04-03's belief) or the energy reason. The energy reason is the one L04 did not yet say in so many words, so one article line was added; the item now tests a line the page teaches.
• A two-line caption rather than a shorter one. "a gasoline pump in Nevada (gasoline is made from oil)" is 50 characters, past what one 14-unit line holds in a 320-unit card; the drawer splits on a newline and the alt and blind text join the lines with a space. Nothing else in figures.py moved.
• "Remember from Grade 3:" is the recall frame because Topics 22, 27 and 28 open their recalls with "Remember …"; the Grade 3 sentence after the colon is unchanged, so L01-q1's and L05-q1's word-for-word fb still match it.
• PP-24's figure is unchanged; the pipe is named in the caption, not drawn, since the task allowed figures.py to change only for a caption and the caption alone meets Reader C's "a stove top fed by a gas pipe".

#### Owed after v3

• A mini re-read of the six changed items (L03-08, L04-07, PP-09, PP-24, PP-49, PP-52) and the two re-captioned cards, from blind/2026-10-02-v3/.
• Everything in "Owed after v2" that is not a blind read: Topic 27's dam and stove glyphs; the picture pass on 11 photo and 6 cartoon placeholders after James's sign-off; the batch not sent; nothing committed.

Skill: course-build → write-mcqs → write-explanation, design-check-sequence @ e23b67f (v3, 2 Oct 2026: Reader C's full re-read applied; v2 @ fb37d14, 2 Oct 2026: the blind read and the two reviews applied; v1 @ df153ae)

v3 note (2 Oct 2026). Reader C agreed every key over 135 items. Three bank items changed, none of them an exemplar's printed text: PP-49's fourth option now sits in the same frame as the other three ("None of these alone does the whole job for the town."); PP-24's card caption adds ", fed by a gas pipe" so the blue flame is not the only clue; PP-09's stem reads "tiny sea living things, long ago". PP-52's why says "plant", not "station". The ⟂ list stands; L03-q8 is now Jake's TRUE claim, so PP-42 (Monica, plants nonrenewable) no longer sits against a Monica line saying the opposite.

Topic 29 — Which energy resources nature can replace — the PP100's question types, with their exemplars

What this page is. James reads a bank as its question TYPES first (vault: A bank is reviewed as its question types first, one exemplar each). Under the Grade 4 standing brief the bank is built straight away (52 items in content/G4T29_pp100_bank.py); this sheet is the way in. Each type line says what the stem asks, what the four options (or the three-option set, or the accept list) are, and prints one exemplar in full. Tags follow depth of reasoning — easy = one fact or a one-step sort; medium = the rule applied to a fresh case, a reason picked, a drawn use card sorted, a set of two picked by one question, or a stated fact classified in the weigh-up; hard = a claim judged by its correct reason, two ideas chained, or a resource produced from its mark — and rise with the atom's order: EAR4-090 (renewable) carries easy items and two medium; EAR4-094 (nonrenewable) easy and medium; EAR4-091 (the sort) runs easy to hard; EAR4-092 (the mark) one easy, then medium and hard; EAR4-093 (the capstone weigh-up) medium and hard only. Every hard item carries a one-line "hard because" (hb) in the bank file. v2 changes (2 Oct 2026): "energy source" → "energy resource" and "power station" → "power plant" in every string (the sort set is now renewable / nonrenewable / not an energy resource); Morgan → Jake; the coal-train card (Topic 28's scene) is a dump truck at a mine in Colorado; the panels card draws a barn, as its caption said; the three typed items lead with the MARK ("A field … that was only grass is now a row of tall towers with turning blades. Type the energy resource whose use leaves this mark.") and no typed stem prints a word of its accept list; the multi-select and the two dam weigh-up classifications are retagged medium and moved to the end of the medium block (stable re-sort: PP-37, 38, 39); the fuels' origins are in Topic 28's words; plants' time is "some years"; five key tells trimmed (PP-28 "a covered field"; PP-41 "Electricity carries energy from a resource to the lamp."; PP-46 "The turbines stand across a field that was grass."; PP-47 "Burning logs still puts smoke into the air."; PP-51 "A coal power plant runs day and night."); PP-9's time options run longest first so no four keys in a row share a letter.

Rulings already applied. Four options on every MCQ except the nine sort items, which carry a declared THREE-option set — renewable / nonrenewable / not an energy resource — because the sort has two honest bins and a third honest answer (electricity goes in neither; a recycled can is not a resource), and each of the three is a real key somewhere (PP100_THREE_OPTION_SETS, as Topic 19's family sort did; S11 accepts it with a WARN and James's call stands open); no option bundles a verdict with its reason (every claim is recast as "X is wrong to say … What is the correct reason?" with four single-statement reasons); every stem is a positive question of at most two sentences unless tagged hard (S23); an item card's blind text names what is drawn and the caption, never the bin (grep of the bundle's [Drawing: lines for renewable | nonrenewable | keeps up | runs out | mark → 0 hits); "renewable", "nonrenewable", "advantage" and "disadvantage" are recalled by MCQ (RECALL_BY_MCQ: nine- and twelve-letter words); the three typed keys are RESOURCES produced from their marks (wind, moving water, sunlight: lexicon words, spellable, child spellings in the accept lists); one multi-select, where the answer is genuinely a set (medium); every item names ONE atom; US spelling; units as words in prose. check_key_tells.py → KEY TELLS: 0 of 131 MCQs flagged (the sort set and the ordered time set declared in KEY_TELL_EXEMPT_SETS). Four-option keys A 7 · B 10 · C 12 · D 10 (39 MCQs); three-option set keys renewable 4 · nonrenewable 4 · not an energy resource 1. Easy 15 · medium 24 · hard 13.

The bar list (real things a generated item must never use): the words pollution, climate, carbon dioxide, greenhouse, global warming (grade 6-8's, or words a nine-year-old takes as doom; "fossil fuel" is said once in L02 and is keyed on by no item); any death, illness, flood that drowns people, oil spill with dying animals, or person in danger (James: nothing frightening — a mark is smoke, a mine, a flooded valley, a field of turbines); "nuclear", "geothermal", "biofuel", "ethanol", "hydroelectric", "solar power" as a resource name (the seven TEKS words only: wind, moving water, sunlight, plants, coal, oil, natural gas; "solar panels" is the THING, never the resource); "energy source", "power station" (the course words are energy resource, power plant); animals as an energy resource (Grade 3's EAR3-040 has wool and leather); a renewable resource running out or a nonrenewable fuel "gone next year" except as the belief a claim item corrects; any lesson scene (Nathan's class on the school trip to the Texas wind farm, the school roof panels, the family stove, Monica's grandpa and the West Virginia mine, the board and its two boxes, Jake's glass bottle and the recycling bin, the poster, the town's two drawings, the intro's house with its furnace and car); any quiz scene (the Kansas ranch windmill and the turbines-on-a-ranch card, the Arizona bus shelter, the Oregon dam, the Georgia pines, the Iowa turbine, the Maryland coal truck, the Pennsylvania gas well, the Illinois mine, the Oklahoma oil well, the Montana dam card, the Nevada gasoline pump card, the Michigan cabin stove card, the lawn mower, the Minnesota furnace, the North Carolina coal plant, the toaster, the reading lamp, the glass jar, the old newspaper, the Kentucky and Ohio coal plants, the Tennessee dam, the Utah panel field, the Vermont cabin logs, the Wisconsin cabin stove, the Idaho dam, the New Mexico oil pump, the library roof); any practice scene (the kitchen table, the blueberries, the lawn watering, the Michigan sailing club, the Ohio River boat, the New Hampshire dam, the Arkansas valley, the South Dakota wind farm); Topic 28's scenes (Maria's Wyoming car trip and its coal train, the Oklahoma oil truck, the Michigan school furnace); a claim-maker from another topic's row (only Monica, Jake and Nathan); "biggest / smallest" for a time or an amount (longest, most).

The fourteen types (fewer would be better; the topic has five atoms, two coins and a capstone, so the count is what it is)

Hard because — type 9: the mark leads and the resource is produced, not picked. Type 12: each claim is judged by its correct reason, which needs the lesson's idea held against the belief (the coined meaning against Grade 3's recycling; Topic 4's electricity sentence against the outlet; a lifetime against some years; the every-resource-leaves-a-mark rule against "renewable"; the every-resource-has-both rule against a one-sided resource). Type 14: two ideas chained (an advantage matched to a wish while a disadvantage is covered; two disadvantages against two wishes; a disadvantage applied to a situation).

One exemplar per type, in full (v2 numbering)

Type 1 (easy, EAR4-090; PP-1). Turbines off the coast of Massachusetts use the wind all week. What happens to the wind the next week? — It blows again. / It is gone for good. / It comes back only after millions of years. / It comes back only if people make more. Why: Nature makes more wind by tomorrow, however much the turbines use today. So the next week the wind blows again. (nearest lesson-side instance: L01-q2, the Kansas windmill, yes / no — here the outcome is picked among four)

Type 2 (medium, EAR4-090; PP-16). Which sentence says why sunlight is renewable? — Sunlight feels warm on your skin on a summer day. / Old panels can be recycled into new panels. / The Sun shines again every day. / Sunlight comes from very far away in space. (nearest: L01-q7, about how fast nature makes more of the four — here the reason sentence is picked for one resource)

Type 3 (easy, EAR4-094; PP-7). About how long does nature take to make more coal? — by tomorrow / in about a year / in about eighty years / in millions of years. (nearest: L02-q2, the same ask for oil with three options; the set here is the ordered four)

Type 4 (medium, EAR4-094; PP-19). There is still a lot of coal under the ground in Wyoming. Which of these is true about that coal? — Every ton dug up is one ton fewer. / It will all be gone by next year. / Nature makes more of it every single year. / It grows back in the mine like a plant. (nearest: L02-q8, Jake's gas-stations claim as yes / no — here the true statement is picked among the beliefs)

Type 5 (easy, EAR4-091; PP-11). A delivery van burns gasoline, which is made from oil. Which group does oil go in? — renewable / nonrenewable / not an energy resource. (nearest: L03-q5, gasoline for a lawn mower, two options — here the set is the declared three)

Type 6 (medium, EAR4-091, drawn; PP-23). Here is a card. Which group does its energy resource go in? — figure pp_use_truck (a dump truck whose open back is heaped with black lumps; caption "a dump truck at a mine in Colorado") — renewable / nonrenewable / not an energy resource. (nearest: L03-q2, the Nevada gasoline pump card; every card is a different thing in use)

Type 7 (medium, EAR4-091; PP-26). A lamp in a Colorado kitchen is plugged into the wall. Which group does the electricity in the wire go in? — renewable / nonrenewable / not an energy resource. (nearest: L04-q4, Nathan's outlet claim as yes / no — here the third option is the genuine key)

Type 8 (medium, EAR4-092; PP-29). Which of these leaves a mark on the land but puts no smoke into the air? — a wind farm / a coal power plant / a wood stove / a truck burning gasoline. (nearest: L05-q5, the clearer-air why item — here two marks are held together to pick one thing)

Type 9 (hard, EAR4-092, typed; PP-43). A valley behind a new dam becomes a lake, so people can make electricity. Type the energy resource the dam uses. — accept: moving water, water, the water, a river, the river, river, rivers, river water, flowing water, running water, movng water, watter … Hard because: the mark leads the stem and the resource is produced from it, not picked. (nearest: L05-q3, the Tennessee dam's mark picked among three — the direction is reversed here, mark → resource)

Type 10 (medium, EAR4-093; PP-33). Which of these is a disadvantage of making electricity from moving water at a dam? — The dam makes electricity day and night. / Rain fills the river again. / The dam is very strong. / The valley above the dam becomes a lake. (nearest: L06-q3, an advantage of a dam among three — here the disadvantage among four)

Type 11 (medium, EAR4-093; PP-38). A town lists this about its new dam: the valley above it becomes a lake. In a weigh-up, what is this? — an advantage / a disadvantage / a renewable resource / a nonrenewable resource. (nearest: L06-q11, "turbines turn only when the wind blows: for wind, what is this?" among three)

Type 12 (hard, EAR4-091; PP-40). Jake is wrong to say a soda can is a renewable resource because it can be recycled. What is the correct reason? — Soda cans cannot be recycled, so the can is nonrenewable. / Renewable means nature makes more; recycling is what people do. / Renewable means a thing can be burned to make electricity. / A soda can is too small and too light to count as a resource. Hard because: the coined word's meaning is held against a look-alike word from Grade 3. (nearest: L04-q3, Jake's glass jar as bare yes / no)

Type 13 (medium, EAR4-091, multi; PP-37). Select the TWO resources that are nonrenewable. — sunlight / natural gas / moving water / coal. (nearest: L03-q9, which one of four is nonrenewable)

Type 14 (hard, EAR4-093; PP-52). Town A builds a wind farm, and Town B builds a natural gas power plant. On a still night, which town's new plant makes electricity? — Town A / Town B / both towns / neither town. Hard because: a resource's disadvantage is applied to a stated situation to predict an outcome. (nearest: L06-q6, why panels alone will not do the whole job — here two resources and a situation)

Design-move inventory (move · scene kind · nearest earlier item)

The bank's 52 moves against the lesson side (L01 10 quiz items, L02 11, L03 9, L04 7, L05 10, L06 11; 6 attached, 3 summary, 16 practice; the lessons' own cases: the school-trip wind farm, the school roof, the dam's river, the family logs (L01); the West Virginia mine, oil, natural gas, the lifetime bar (L02); the board's seven cards (L03); the bottle, the toaster's electricity (L04); the poster, the coal plant and its mine, the flooded valley, the school roof panels (L05); the town's wind farm and gas plant (L06); the intro's house):

• Type 1 (4): what happens after use — four fresh scenes, one per renewable resource. Nearest: L01-q2 / q3 / q4 / q5 (yes / no or three options). Same fact by design; the four-outcome form is the bank's.
• Type 2 (4): which is renewable; why — the four-resource list twice (wind; sunlight), two reason-sentence items (sunlight; a dam). Nearest: L01-q7, PR-4. The reason-sentence form is new.
• Type 3 (4): how long nature takes — coal, Louisiana oil, the sea living things' time, the four-resource list. Nearest: L02-q2, L02-q5, PR-5. Same fact by design; the ordered four-way set is the bank's.
• Type 4 (4): once used up; the coal still there; the reason — a Montana mine, a North Dakota farm, Wyoming's coal, coal's reason. Nearest: L02-q4 (Illinois mine), L02-q8 (Jake's claim), L02-q9 (oil's reason), the L02 attached (an Oklahoma well). Same move by design (the fact); the Wyoming "still a lot" item is the bank's own.
• Type 5 (4): sort a named resource in use — a van's gasoline, Wyoming turbines, a school water heater, Nebraska corn stalks. Nearest: L03-q5 / q6 / q7, PR-6 / PR-7. The fluency run by design; every thing in use is new.
• Type 6 (4): sort a drawn card — four cards the quiz does not use (barn panels, a coal dump truck, blue flames, a mill wheel). Nearest: L03-q1–q4 (turbines, pump, dam, stove cards). Same move by design; no render shared; the truck is this topic's own scene (Topic 28's coal train is not reused).
• Type 7 (1): electricity in neither group — a Colorado lamp. Nearest: L04-q4 (Nathan's outlet), L04-q5 (the reading lamp: where the energy came from — a different ask). The third option as key is the bank's.
• Type 8 (6): the mark — an Indiana plant, a Missouri dam, a Nevada panel field, which-leaves-a-mark-but-no-smoke, which-leaves-a-mine, which-puts-smoke. Nearest: L05-q2 / q3 / q4 / q9, PR-8 / PR-9. Same moves by design on fresh places; the two which-of-four items are new forms.
• Type 9 (3): resource from mark, typed — a valley become a lake, a Nebraska field of tall towers, a Delaware barn roof. Nearest: none on the lesson side asks mark → resource.
• Type 10 (4): an advantage or a disadvantage picked — wind, a dam, natural gas for heating, gasoline engines. Nearest: L06-q3 / q4 / q5 / q10, PR-11, SUMMARY-Q3. Same move by design; four single statements each.
• Type 11 (3): the word; a fact classified — a bad side's name, a dam's lake, a dam's electricity. Nearest: L06-q2 / q11, PR-15 / PR-16.
• Type 12 (7): claims by their correct reason — the seven documented beliefs, each on a fresh scene (a soda can, an outlet, a tree, a wind farm, logs, wind, coal). Nearest: L01-q9, L03-q8, L04-q3 / q4 / q7, L05-q6 / q7 / q8, L06-q7 / q8 / q9 (all bare yes / no). Same beliefs by design (the misconception rows ask for the belief in a lesson item AND a bank item); every bank form is the reason form.
• Type 13 (1): a set — the four-resource list. Nearest: L03-q9 (one of four).
• Type 14 (3): chains — a windy coast, two wishes, two towns. Nearest: none chains two ideas on the lesson side; L06-q6 is one step.

⟂ draw constraints (an item that prints another's answer; near-duplicate pairs) — v2 numbering

• Type 3's four time items (PP-7, 8, 9, 20) ⟂ each other (one fact, millions of years) and ⟂ type 4's PP-10 and PP-21 (which print "millions of years" in a key) — draw at most two of the eight in one test. (blind read: PP-20 ⟂ PP-8 ⟂ PP-11.)
• Type 2's four-resource lists (PP-5, PP-6) ⟂ type 13's multi-select (PP-37) and type 3's PP-20 (each lists the same four resources with the odd one out) — draw one. (blind read: PP-21 ⟂ PP-20 ⟂ PP-23 ⟂ PP-37.)
• Type 5 and type 6 sort items ⟂ type 12's three EAR4-091 claims (PP-40, 41, 42) and type 13 (PP-37): a sort item's key is a claim's premise. Draw at most three EAR4-091 items per test, no two on the same resource. (blind read: PP-42 ⟂ PP-14 — Monica's tree claim prints the corn-stalks sort's answer.)
• Type 7 (PP-26, electricity, the third option) ⟂ type 12's outlet claim (PP-41, which states the key: electricity carries energy from a resource). Draw one. (blind read: PP-41 ⟂ PP-26.)
• Type 8's Nevada panel field (PP-28) and Missouri dam (PP-27) ⟂ type 9's typed sunlight (PP-45) and moving water (PP-43) items and ⟂ type 10's dam disadvantage (PP-33) and type 11's dam lake (PP-38): the mark named in one is the answer of the other. Draw at most one dam item and one panels item per test, and never a type 8 item BEFORE a type 9 item on the same resource. (blind read: PP-33 ⟂ PP-38.)
• Type 11's definition item (PP-36) ⟂ its two dam classifications (PP-38, 39): the stem of PP-36 prints "advantage" as the name of a good side. Draw one of the three. (blind read: PP-36 ⟂ PP-38 ⟂ PP-39.)
• Type 12's wind-farm-no-mark claim (PP-46) ⟂ type 8's "mark on the land but no smoke" item (PP-29) and ⟂ type 10's wind advantage (PP-32, "no smoke") — draw one of the three. (blind read: PP-15 ⟂ PP-31 ⟂ PP-35 — three items whose key is "smoke": draw one.)
• Type 12's coal-no-advantage claim (PP-51) ⟂ type 14's windy coast (PP-48, natural gas "for still nights") and two-towns (PP-52) items: "runs day and night" is the key of all three. Draw one.
• Type 12's wind-no-disadvantage claim (PP-50) ⟂ type 14's two-towns item (PP-52), type 10's wind advantage (PP-32) and type 11's turbine item on the lesson side: "turn only when the wind blows". Draw one. (blind read: PP-32 ⟂ PP-50.)
• Near-duplicate pairs: type 1's four items are one move — draw two at most; type 6's four cards are one move — draw one per test; type 11's two dam items (PP-38, 39) are a pair — draw one.

Skill: course-build → review-lesson (Roles B, B2) · review-questions · review-accuracy @ fb37d14 — non-author review, filed by the coordinator from the reviewer's report

Topic 29 — guidance, questions and accuracy review, 2 October 2026

The science is right and the teaching shape is sound: every key agrees, the deciding question sits over every verdict, electricity and the recycled bottle land in neither bin, "about eighty years" is said once per lesson in identical words, every misconception has a lesson line and an item. Not shippable yet for three reasons: (1) written before Topics 27 and 28 existed, so it uses the wrong course words throughout (energy source, power station), tells coal's and oil's origin in other words than Topic 28's, never bridges "a very long time" to "millions of years", never says "fossil fuel", drops Topic 27's "solar panel"; (2) its L01 headache IS Topic 27's L01 headache (back seat, Texas highway, row of turbines) and its coal train in Wyoming IS Topic 28's intro and attached question; (3) plants' time is stated four ways.

Coordinator's ruling on the title (text, reversible, listed on the Needs-you page): the topic title and its two lesson titles change "energy sources" → "energy resources" with the rest; James's architecture row keeps its wording until he rules.

Key-tell checker: KEY TELLS: 2 of 126 MCQs flagged (a: 2, b: 0, c: 0) — L02-q9 (+13), L05-q4 (+30).

Cross-topic change list (student-facing strings; comments and source/hb keys excluded)

• "energy source(s)" → "energy resource(s)": 100 occurrences in 95 strings (lexicon 3, glossary 2, intro 2, summary 5, lessons 36, practice 7, bank 37, the topic and two lesson titles). The sort set becomes renewable / nonrenewable / not an energy resource.
• "power station(s)" → "power plant(s)": 44 occurrences in 42 strings + 1 screen cue.
• Deep time: add to L02 "Coal formed from plants of long-ago swamps, buried and pressed for a very long time. That very long time was millions of years."
• Origins in Topic 28's words: "plants of long-ago swamps, buried and pressed"; "tiny sea living things" (L02, L02-q2 fb, PR-5 why, PP-7/8/9 why).
• "fossil fuel" once, L02, after the oil line: "Coal, oil and natural gas formed from living things of long ago, so people also call them fossil fuels." Glossary entry; no item keyed on it.
• "solar panel": first mention per lesson "the solar panels", then "the panels".
• Glyphs: import Topic 28's _coal and _flame; Topic 27's turbine(); T29's dam, sun, tree, drop stand as the course's first small glyphs (record it).

Author's questions: (1) coin advantage/disadvantage — yes (TEKS 4-11A, STAAR); MCQ recall as built. (2) three-option sort set — yes. (3) L02 and L04 stand; L03 (368, two runs of 6) splits at "Two things that are not sources" with the four drawn use cards as the check between.

Essentials

1. L01 headache duplicates Topic 27 L01's (car_cartoon and windfarm_photo too). 2. L02-q1 and PP-23 (Wyoming coal train) are Topic 28's scenes. 3. The word list above. 4. Plants' time four ways ("some years" ×16, "about twenty years", "years", "a few years to a few tens of years"). 5. Typed PP-41's stem prints "water". 6. Key tells L02-q9, L05-q4.

Worth fixing

PP-41/42/43 test Topic 27's "what does the device use" — lead with the mark, or retag medium; PP-40, PP-50, PP-51 one-step → medium; Nathan 0 right of 4; rename Morgan (coordinator picks a free name); L04-q1 lights-off = conserving electricity (this topic says electricity is not a resource); PR-1's distractor true of wood; PR-13/14/16 restate quiz items; summary Q1/Q2 state the deciding fact in the stem; PP-22 house/barn; L01 recalls "nature keeps giving all four"; L03 plants card boundary line.

Leave (ruled)

PP-24 blue flame is TAUGHT (Topic 28 L03) — keep (the FIGURE is the fault: see the figure review); "advantage" after the article coins it; Monica's grandpa; named simplifications; "about eighty years"; counts all confirmed.

Skill: review-figures @ fb37d14 — non-author figure review with the page pass, filed by the coordinator from the reviewer's report

Topic 29 — figure review, 2 October 2026

What a student notices first: the sort board is clear and friendly — seven cream cards, a green YES bin and a red NO bin, one question on top. Then: natural gas is drawn as a blue water-drop, oil as a dark drop, the stove top has three blue drops on it; nothing looks like a flame. And the "white turbines" are black.

Fix before a cold read

1. Natural gas drawn as a drop (_flame is a teardrop). On pp_use_burner (PP-24) the three "flames" read as water drops — the blind readers' complaint is the drawing. Import Topic 28's _flame.
2. Turbine black; register, alt and blind text say white. Import Topic 27's turbine().
3. PP-22 pp_use_panels: caption "a barn roof", blind "a house", render a house. One scene (barn) — import Topic 27's _house plus roof-panel polygon, or draw a barn.
4. The dam glyph does not read as a dam (three rectangles). Import Topic 27's dam (factor dam(x,y,s) from dam_diag — Topic 27's next opening; until then a local dam that reads).
5. Phone legibility fails on every article figure (278 px column at 360 px): sort boards 3.9–4.2 px, mark_cards_all 4.0, weigh_table 4.9, weigh_two 5.0, strips 5.0/5.5, pm_* 5.5, lifetime_bar 5.0, row_renewable 6.4, rule cards 7.3, time_table 8.4. Fix: narrow frames (≤ ~360 units: bins stacked, mark cards one per row, strip panels stacked), not bigger fonts alone.
6. lifetime_bar: caption says the red bar "runs off the page" but it ends with a border. Extend past the viewBox (clipped); say once it is not to scale.

Page pass

Every figure renders on the page as alone; check_svg_ids.py: 55 figures, 0 ids, PASS. Item cards pass the 13 px floor at phone width (caption 13.9 px) but blow up 3.8× on desktop — widen the item frame to ~320 units. Article figures fail the floor (item 5). Bbox pass clean; mark cards' lower third empty (trim 150 → ~110).

Import list (duplicates of Topics 27/28; import as drawn)

_turbine → T27 turbine; _coal → T28 _coal; _flame → T28 _flame; the log → T28 _log; _sc_gas_burner → T28 _stove_ring; _sc_water_wheel's wheel → T27 paddle_wheel; _sc_roof_panels house → T27 _house + panel; _sc_wood_stove → T27's stove (needs factoring at T27's next opening); _dam → T27 dam_diag (same); arrow_right → T28 _arrow_right. Verdict marks: T28 ✓/✗ text, T29 paths — one per course; settle it. No prior glyph for the sun, oil drop, tree, gas pump, coal train: keep and record as the course's first.

Unplaced

Script-only (keep): sort_sorted, strip_oil, strip_gas, mark_water/sun/plants/oil/gas. On no page and in no script: dam_photo, woodstove_photo, pumpjack_photo, gasflame_photo — place (L01 beside strip_river/strip_trees; L02 beside the oil and gas lines) or delete.

Minor

q_use_pump caption "a gas pump" cues natural gas; strip_trees TODAY panel shows an unburnt log; strip_river "turns the wheel" with no wheel drawn; pp_use_train blind "heaped with black lumps" vs a smooth mound; pp_use_wheel mill house on the waterline; board_cartoon brief colours the bins before the question — drop the colours. Captions never say "real". Briefs all complete.

Best: sort_headache; mark_cards_all; row_fuels. Weakest: pp_use_burner; q_use_dam; pm_gas.

Skill: course-build → review-lesson (Role A blind key read, two readers; Role C adjudication by the coordinator) @ fb37d14

Topic 29 — Which energy sources nature can replace — blind read, 2 October 2026

Every key agreed by two blind readers (130 items each; MCQ disagreements 0 for both; PP-40 multi A, B matched; the three typed answers on the lists; the FRQ models match). The three-option sort set works: "not an energy source" is the real key once (PP-26) and a live distractor elsewhere. The faults are shape, order and borrowed scenes, not keys.

Flags carried into the fix pass

Readers' files: blind/2026-10-02/READER_A.md, READER_B.md.

Skill: review-lesson @ e23b67f — Role A, Reader C (cold blind read, v2 bundle only)

Takeaway. Every one of the 135 items can be answered from the stem alone, and I found no item with two defensible options or none. The bank is clean on the things the brief asked me to hunt for: the three-bin sort set (PP-11 to PP-26) uses "not an energy resource" as a real key once (PP-26, electricity) and never treats electricity or a recycled thing as an energy resource; "renewable" is coined at L01-08 and "nonrenewable" at L02-07 before any item leans on them; plants' time is "some years" everywhere, with L01-05's "about twenty years" as the one concrete case that sets it up; no Texas highway or coal train; Monica, Jake and Nathan cannot be confused. Three things I would fix before shipping: PP-49's key is the only option not written in the "X alone does the whole job" frame, so its shape gives it away; L04-07's stated reason does not support its claim (recycling being something people do is why a can is not RENEWABLE, not why it is not an energy resource); and L03-02 asks the student to know gasoline comes from oil three items before L03-05 tells them.

Item table

Adversarial answers (typed items)

Cross-item notes

• Term order: "renewable" (L01-08) and "nonrenewable" (L02-07) are coined before use. "Advantage" is coined at L06-02; "disadvantage" is first used at L06-04 and only defined by an item at PR-15 / PP-36 — fine if the lesson page teaches both together. "Conserved / conserving" (L01-08, L02-07, L05-01, PR-03, PR-13, PR-14) and "natural resource" (PR-01) assume the earlier topic. "Energy resource" first appears in an item at L03-01. "Fossil fuels" never appears in an item.
• Plants' time: "some years" at L03-08, L04-02, L06-10, PP-04, PP-42; L01-05's "about twenty years" is the single concrete case. Consistent.
• Three-bin sort: PP-11 to PP-26 — the third bin is the key once (PP-26) and a live distractor elsewhere. No item treats electricity or a recycled thing as an energy resource; L04-06 and PP-26 do the opposite.
• Drawing descriptions: none names the bin. L03-02 ("gasoline pump") and L03-04 ("log") name the fuel; L03-01, PP-22 name the device; PP-23, PP-24, PP-25 name neither. Only L03-02 needs a link the quiz has not yet given.
• Pasted scenes: none. Kansas ranch, Wyoming farm, Massachusetts coast all read as their own.
• Names: Monica / Jake / Nathan — distinct first letters and lengths. Monica holds opposite beliefs about plants in L03-08 and PP-42; harmless but worth one swap if a name is free.
• Shape tells: PP-49 (see row). PP-40 cleared on inspection. No key spottable by capital, full stop or "because".
• Key spread: L03's yes/no and two-option runs alternate A/B/A/B at L03-05 to L03-08 (B, B, A, A) — fine; no four-in-a-row alike noted on any page.

Would not ship as is:

PP-49, L04-07, L03-02